Abstract
Pantoea ananas is described for the first time in Australia as a pathogen of rice (Oryza sativa). Necrotic lesions occurred on the rachis and stem, extending into the flag leaf sheath and stopping at the second node. Lesions were often observed on the flag leaf sheath near the collar. Affected stems were weaker than those on plants not displaying symptoms. Infection was most noticeable in, but not restricted to, lines with the Californian cv. M201 in recent lineage. Isolates were identified by fatty acid analysis, biochemical tests and 16s rDNA analysis. There was a significant effect of disease symptoms on percentage of whole grain remaining after milling and the yellowness index. This is the first report of P. ananas affecting grain quality. The unseasonably hot, dry and windy conditions prevailing in the 2002–2003 growing season is thought to have aggravated disease severity.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Azad HR, Holmes GJ, Cooksey DA (2000) A new leaf blotch disease of sudangrass caused by Pantoea ananas and Pantoea stewartii. Plant Disease 84, 973–979.
Azegami K, Ozaki K, Matsuda A, Ohata K (1983) Bacterial palea browning, a new disease of rice caused by Erwinia herbicola. Bulletin of the National Institute of Agricultural Science 37, 1–12 [Series C].
Bradbury JF (1986) ‘Guide to plant pathogenic bacteria.’ (CAB International: Slough, UK)
Broadley RH (1993) Pineapple pests and disorders. In ‘Pineapple pests and disorders. Information Series Q192033’. (Queensland Department of Primary Industries: Brisbane, Qld)
Cother EJ (1974) Bacterial glume blotch of rice. Plant Disease Reporter 58, 1126–1129.
Cother EJ, Blakeney AB (1987) The specific detection of indole production by Erwinia species and some other enterobacteria on agar. The Journal of Applied Bacteriology 63, 329–334.
Cother E, Lanoiselet L (2003) Maintaining disease-free crops. In ‘Production of quality rice in South Eastern Australia’. (RIRDC Canberra and NSW Agriculture: Yanco, NSW)
Cottyn B, Cerez MT, van Outryve MF, Barroga J, Swings J, Mew TW (1996) Bacterial diseases of rice. I. Pathogenic bacteria associated with sheath rot complex and grain discoloration of rice in the Philippines. Plant Disease 80, 429–137.
Coutinho TA, Preisig O, Margaert J, Cnockaert MC, Riedal K-H, Swings J, Wingfield MJ (2002) Bacterial blight and dieback of Eucalyptus species, hybrids and clones in South Africa. Plant Disease 86, 20–25.
Hong YC, Hu FP, Huang XN (2002) Pathogenicity of Pantoea agglomerons on rice seeds. Journal of Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University 31, 32–36 [Natural Science Edition].
Kilian M (2001) Recommended conservation of the names Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus rattus, Streptococcus cricetus, and seven other names included in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Request for an opinion. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 51, 723–724.
Kim YC, Kim KC, Choi BH (1989) Palea browning disease of rice caused by Erwinia herbicola and ice nucleation activity of the pathogenic bacterium. Korean Journal of Plant Pathology 5, 72–79.
Paccola-Meirelles LD, Ferreira AS, Meirelles WF, Marriel IE, Casela CR (2001) Detection of a bacterium associated with a leaf spot disease of maize in Brazil. Journal of Phytopathology 149, 275–279. doi: 10.1046/J.1439-0434.2001.00614.X
Sands DC (1990) Physiological criteria — determinative tests. In ‘Methods in phytobacteriology’. (Eds Z Klement, K Rudolph, DC Sands) pp. 133–143. (Akadémiai Kiadó: Budapest, Hungary)
Serrano FB (1928) Bacterial fruitlet brown-rot of pineapple in the Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science 36, 271–305.
Simmonds JH (1934) The work of the Pathological Branch. In ‘Annual report’, pp. 67–70. (Department of Agriculture: Qld)
Simmonds JH (1966) ‘Host index of plant diseases in Queensland’. (Queensland Department of Primary Industry: Brisbane, Qld)
Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ (1994) CLUSTAL W; improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Research 22, 4673–1680.
Trüper HG, de’ Clari L (1997) Taxonomic note: necessary correction of specific epithets formed as substantives (nouns) ‘in apposition’. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 47, 908–909.
Tryon H (1898) Fruitlet core-rot of pineapple. Queensland Agricultural Journal 3, 458–467.
Tsushimas S, Wakimoto S, Mogi S (1986) Selective medium for detecting Pseudomonas glumae Kurita et Tabei, the causal bacterium of grain rot of rice. Annals of the Phytopath o logical Society of Japan 52, 253–259.
Watanabe K, Kawakita H, Sato M (1996) Epiphytic bacterium, Erwinia ananas, commonly isolated from rice plants and brown leafhoppers (Nilaparvata lugens) in hopperburn patches. Applied Entomology and Zoology 31, 459–162.
Xie GL (2001) First report of palea browning in China and characterization of the causal organism by phenotypic tests and Biolog. International Rice Research Notes 26, 25–26.
Zeigler RS, Alvarez E (1990) Characteristics of Pseudomonas spp. causing grain discoloration and sheath rot of rice, and associated Pseudomonad epiphytes. Plant Disease 74, 917–922.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cother, E.J., Reinke, R., McKenzie, C. et al. An unusual stem necrosis of rice caused by Pantoea ananas and the first record of this pathogen on rice in Australia. Australasian Plant Pathology 33, 495–503 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1071/AP04053
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/AP04053