Cell wall remodeling in mycorrhizal symbiosis: a way towards biotrophism
- PMID: 24926297
- PMCID: PMC4044974
- DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00237
Cell wall remodeling in mycorrhizal symbiosis: a way towards biotrophism
Abstract
Cell walls are deeply involved in the molecular talk between partners during plant and microbe interactions, and their role in mycorrhizae, i.e., the widespread symbiotic associations established between plant roots and soil fungi, has been investigated extensively. All mycorrhizal interactions achieve full symbiotic functionality through the development of an extensive contact surface between the plant and fungal cells, where signals and nutrients are exchanged. The exchange of molecules between the fungal and the plant cytoplasm takes place both through their plasma membranes and their cell walls; a functional compartment, known as the symbiotic interface, is thus defined. Among all the symbiotic interfaces, the complex intracellular interface of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis has received a great deal of attention since its first description. Here, in fact, the host plasma membrane invaginates and proliferates around all the developing intracellular fungal structures, and cell wall material is laid down between this membrane and the fungal cell surface. By contrast, in ectomycorrhizae (ECM), where the fungus grows outside and between the root cells, plant and fungal cell walls are always in direct contact and form the interface between the two partners. The organization and composition of cell walls within the interface compartment is a topic that has attracted widespread attention, both in ecto- and endomycorrhizae. The aim of this review is to provide a general overview of the current knowledge on this topic by integrating morphological observations, which have illustrated cell wall features during mycorrhizal interactions, with the current data produced by genomic and transcriptomic approaches.
Keywords: cell wall; fungal genomes; gene expression; interface; mycorrhizal interactions.
Figures
Similar articles
-
The Roles of Phosphorus and Nitrogen Nutrient Transporters in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis.Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 20;23(19):11027. doi: 10.3390/ijms231911027. Int J Mol Sci. 2022. PMID: 36232323 Free PMC article. Review.
-
TPLATE Recruitment Reveals Endocytic Dynamics at Sites of Symbiotic Interface Assembly in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Interactions.Front Plant Sci. 2019 Dec 20;10:1628. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01628. eCollection 2019. Front Plant Sci. 2019. PMID: 31921269 Free PMC article.
-
Understanding Changes in Tomato Cell Walls in Roots and Fruits: The Contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization.Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jan 18;20(2):415. doi: 10.3390/ijms20020415. Int J Mol Sci. 2019. PMID: 30669397 Free PMC article.
-
Transport properties and regulatory roles of nitrogen in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Feb;74:80-88. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.06.015. Epub 2017 Jun 21. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018. PMID: 28647533 Review.
-
The membrane proteome of Medicago truncatula roots displays qualitative and quantitative changes in response to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.J Proteomics. 2014 Aug 28;108:354-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.05.028. Epub 2014 Jun 10. J Proteomics. 2014. PMID: 24925269
Cited by
-
Contributions of Ultrastructural Studies to the Knowledge of Filamentous Fungi Biology and Fungi-Plant Interactions.Front Fungal Biol. 2022 Jan 24;2:805739. doi: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.805739. eCollection 2021. Front Fungal Biol. 2022. PMID: 37744126 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Disruption of a DUF247 Containing Protein Alters Cell Wall Polysaccharides and Reduces Growth in Arabidopsis.Plants (Basel). 2023 May 15;12(10):1977. doi: 10.3390/plants12101977. Plants (Basel). 2023. PMID: 37653894 Free PMC article.
-
Editorial: Plant cell wall in pathogenesis, parasitism and symbiosis, Volume II.Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jun 20;14:1230438. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1230438. eCollection 2023. Front Plant Sci. 2023. PMID: 37409282 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
-
Applying molecular and genetic methods to trees and their fungal communities.Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 May;107(9):2783-2830. doi: 10.1007/s00253-023-12480-w. Epub 2023 Mar 29. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023. PMID: 36988668 Free PMC article. Review.
-
A transcriptional activator from Rhizophagus irregularis regulates phosphate uptake and homeostasis in AM symbiosis during phosphorous starvation.Front Microbiol. 2023 Jan 20;13:1114089. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1114089. eCollection 2022. Front Microbiol. 2023. PMID: 36741887 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Balestrini R., Hahn M. G., Bonfante P. (1996a). Location of cell-wall components in ectomycorrhizae of Corylus avellana and Tuber magnatum. Protoplasma 191 55–69 10.1007/BF01280825 - DOI
-
- Balestrini R., Romera C., Puigdomenech P., Bonfante P. (1994). Location of a cell-wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein, cellulose and β-1,3-glucans in apical and differentiated regions of maize mycorrhizal roots. Planta 195 201–209 10.1007/BF00199680 - DOI
-
- Balestrini R., Jose-Estanyol M., Puigdomenech P., Bonfante P. (1997). Hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein mRNA accumulation in maize root cells colonized by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus as revealed by in situ hybridization. Protoplasma 198 36–42 10.1007/BF01282129 - DOI
-
- Balestrini R., Bonfante P. (2005). The interface compartment in arbuscular mycorrhizae: a special type of plant cell wall? Plant Biosyst. 139 8–15 10.1080/11263500500056799 - DOI
Publication types
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources