Alexandrov LB et al (2013) Signatures of mutational processes in human cancer. Nature 500:415–421
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Anderson K et al (2011) Genetic variegation of clonal architecture and propagating cells in leukaemia. Nature 469:356–361
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ashburn TT, Thor KB (2004) Drug repositioning: identifying and developing new uses for existing drugs. Nat Rev Drug Discov 3:673–683
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Auffray C, Chen Z, Hood L (2009) Systems medicine: the future of medical genomics and healthcare. Genome Med 1:2
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Bereczki D (2012) Personalized medicine: a competitor or an upgrade of evidence-based medicine? Per Med 9:211–221
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bhutani MS, Cazacu IM, Roy-Chowdhuri S, Maitra A, Pishvaian MJ (2020) Upfront molecular profiling of pancreatic cancer patients – an idea whose time has come. Pancreatology 20:391–393
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bolli N et al (2014) Heterogeneity of genomic evolution and mutational profiles in multiple myeloma. Nat Commun 5:2997
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Boshuizen J, Peeper DS (2020) Rational Cancer treatment combinations: an urgent clinical need. Mol Cell 78:1002–1018
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bray F et al (2018) Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 68:394–424
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Breckenridge A, Jacob R (2019) Overcoming the legal and regulatory barriers to drug repurposing. Nat Rev Drug Discov 18:1–2
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Burrell RA, Swanton C (2014) Tumour heterogeneity and the evolution of polyclonal drug resistance. Mol Oncol 8:1095–1111
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Collier R (2009) Drug development cost estimates hard to swallow. CMAJ 180:279–280
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Coombs CC et al (2017) Therapy-related clonal Hematopoiesis in patients with non-hematologic cancers is common and associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Cell Stem Cell 21:374–382.e4
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Duffy DJ (2016) Problems, challenges and promises: perspectives on precision medicine. Brief Bioinform 17:494–504
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Erikainen S, Chan S (2019) Contested futures: envisioning ‘Personalized,’ ‘Stratified,’ and ‘Precision’ medicine. New Genet Soc 38:308–330
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Fierz W (2004) Challenge of personalized health care: to what extent is medicine already individualized and what are the future trends? Med Sci Monit 10:RA111–RA123
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gerlinger M et al (2012) Intratumor heterogeneity and branched evolution revealed by multiregion sequencing. N Engl J Med 366:883–892
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ginsburg GS, Willard HF (2009) Genomic and personalized medicine: foundations and applications. Transl Res 154:277–287
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Hennessy BTJ, Mills GB (2010) Future of personalized medicine in oncology: a systems biology approach. J Clin Oncol 28:2777–2783
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Haffner MC et al (2013) Tracking the clonal origin of lethal prostate cancer. J Clin Invest 123:4918–4922
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Heinrich MC et al (2008) Primary and secondary kinase genotypes correlate with the biological and clinical activity of sunitinib in imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumor. J Clin Oncol 26:5352–5359
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Heppner GH, Miller BE (1983) Tumor heterogeneity: biological implications and therapeutic consequences. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2:5–23
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hood L et al (2004) Predictive and preventative medicine S. Science 306:640
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jamal-Hanjani M, Quezada SA, Larkin J, Swanton C (2015) Translational implications of tumor heterogeneity. Clin Cancer Res 21:1258–1266
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Jarnaess E, Taskén K (2007 Nov) Spatiotemporal control of cAMP signalling processes by anchored signalling complexes. Biochem Soc Trans 35(Pt 5):931–937
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Johnson BE et al (2014) Mutational analysis reveals the origin and therapy-driven evolution of recurrent glioma. Science 343:189–193
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Keats JJ et al (2012) Clonal competition with alternating dominance in multiple myeloma. Blood 120:1067–1076
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kosaka T et al (2006) Analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and acquired resistance to gefitinib. Clin Cancer Res 12:5764–5769
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Landau DA et al (2013) Evolution and impact of subclonal mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cell 152:714–726
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Liegl B et al (2008) Heterogeneity of kinase inhibitor resistance mechanisms in GIST. J Pathol 216:64–74
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lohr JG et al (2014) Widespread genetic heterogeneity in multiple myeloma: implications for targeted therapy. Cancer Cell 25:91–101
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Marusyk A, Almendro V, Polyak K (2012) Intra-tumour heterogeneity: a looking glass for cancer? Nat Rev Cancer 12:323–334
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
McGranahan N, Swanton C (2017) Clonal heterogeneity and tumor evolution: past, present, and the future. Cell 168:613–628
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
McGranahan N et al (2015) Clonal status of actionable driver events and the timing of mutational processes in cancer evolution. Sci Transl Med 7:283ra54
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Merlo LMF, Pepper JW, Reid BJ, Maley CC (2006) Cancer as an evolutionary and ecological process. Nat Rev Cancer 6:924–935
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nadeu F et al (2016) Clinical impact of clonal and subclonal TP53, SF3B1, BIRC3, NOTCH1, and ATM mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 127:2122–2130
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pereira DA, Williams JA (2007) Origin and evolution of high throughput screening. Br J Pharmacol 152:53–61
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pushpakom S et al (2019) Drug repurposing: progress, challenges and recommendations. Nat Rev Drug Discov 18:41–58
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ricketts CJ, Linehan WM (2014) Intratumoral heterogeneity in kidney cancer. Nat Genet 46:214–215
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Santarpia L et al (2016) Deciphering and targeting oncogenic mutations and pathways in breast Cancer. Oncologist 21:1063–1078
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Schiavon G et al (2015) Analysis of ESR1 mutation in circulating tumor DNA demonstrates evolution during therapy for metastatic breast cancer. Sci Transl Med 7:313ra182
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Schuh A et al (2012) Monitoring chronic lymphocytic leukemia progression by whole genome sequencing reveals heterogeneous clonal evolution patterns. Blood 120:4191–4196
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2020) Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin 70:7–30
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Snuderl M et al (2011) Mosaic amplification of multiple receptor tyrosine kinase genes in glioblastoma. Cancer Cell 20:810–817
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tutton R (2012) Personalizing medicine: futures present and past. Soc Sci Med 75:1721–1728
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Verbaanderd C, Meheus L, Huys I, Pantziarka P (2017) Repurposing drugs in oncology: next steps. Trends Cancer 3:543–546
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vogelstein B et al (2013) Cancer genome landscapes. Science 339:1546–1558
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wallace MP, Moodie EEM (2014) Personalizing medicine: a review of adaptive treatment strategies. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 23:580–585
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zehir A et al (2017) Mutational landscape of metastatic cancer revealed from prospective clinical sequencing of 10,000 patients. Nat Med 23:703–713
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar