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Curcumin, Oxidative Stress, and Cancer Therapy

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Oxidative Stress in Cancer Biology and Therapy

Abstract

Curcumin is the active ingredient in turmeric, a traditional herbal remedy and dietary spice. Curcumin has numerous beneficial medicinal properties, including cancer chemopreventive and cancer chemotherapeutic activity. Curcumin displays complex redox activity and functions as both pro- and antioxidant. These opposing activities are observed in cell-free systems, cultured cells, and in intact organisms. The redox properties of curcumin are a key feature of its activity and are due to the inherent chemical activities of the molecule, as well as its ability to induce multiple signaling pathways. This chapter provides an overview of the in vitro and in vivo studies that links curcumin’s redox activity to its chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects. It also highlights the need for caution in combining curcumin with certain chemotherapies or in the setting of selected preexisting conditions.

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Abbreviations

AhR:

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor

AP-1:

Activator protein-1

ARE:

Antioxidant response elements

BaP:

Benz-a-pyrene

BHA:

Butylated hydroxyanisole

BHT:

Butylated hydroxytoluene

CAT:

Catalase

COX-1:

Cyclooxygenase 1

COX-2:

Cyclooxygenase-2

CuZnSOD:

Copper zinc superoxide dismutase

CYPs:

Cytochromes P450

DHC:

Dihydrocurcumin

DMBA:

Dimethylbenzanthracene

EPR:

Electroparamagnetic spectroscopy

EpRE:

Electrophile response element

ERK/MAPK:

Extracellular signal-related kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase

Fe-NTA:

Ferric nitriloacetic acid

GPx:

Glutathione peroxidase

GSH:

Glutathione

GST:

Glutathione S-transferase

HO-1:

Heme oxygenase-1

HNE:

4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal

iNOS:

Inducible form of nitric oxide synthase

Jak:

Janus family of kinase

Keap1:

Kelch-like ECH associating protein 1

LOOH:

Lipid hydroperoxide

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MMPs:

Matrix metalloproteinase

MnSOD:

Manganese-containing superoxide dismutase

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

NAC:

N-acetyl-cysteine

NFκβ:

Factor kappa B

Nrf2:

Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2

NQO1:

NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1

ODC:

Ornithine decarboxylase

8-OHdG:

8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine

PKC:

Protein kinase C

PI3K:

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

STAT:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

THC:

Tetrahydrocurcumin

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

TRAIL:

TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand

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Acknowledgments

Supported in part by grants R37 DK42412 (FMT) and R01DK071892 (SVT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA

    Heather C. Hatcher PhD & Frank M. Torti MD, MPH

  2. Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA

    Frank M. Torti MD, MPH & Suzy V. Torti

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA

    Suzy V. Torti

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  1. Heather C. Hatcher PhD
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  2. Frank M. Torti MD, MPH
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  3. Suzy V. Torti
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Correspondence to Suzy V. Torti .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Free Radical & Radiation Biology, Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, Iowa, USA

    Douglas R. Spitz

  2. Duluth Clinic, Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, East 3rd Street 400, Duluth, 55805, Minnesota, USA

    Kenneth J. Dornfeld

  3. James H. Quillen College of Medicine, Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, 37614, Tennessee, USA

    Koyamangalath Krishnan

  4. Radiation Oncology, Cancer Biology and Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Medical School, 21st Ave. 1161, Nashville, 37232, Tennessee, USA

    David Gius

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Hatcher, H.C., Torti, F.M., Torti, S.V. (2012). Curcumin, Oxidative Stress, and Cancer Therapy. In: Spitz, D., Dornfeld, K., Krishnan, K., Gius, D. (eds) Oxidative Stress in Cancer Biology and Therapy. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-397-4_12

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