Mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction in cancer-associated cachexia
- PMID: 26944676
- PMCID: PMC4782044
- DOI: 10.1101/gad.276733.115
Mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction in cancer-associated cachexia
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction contributes to the clinical deterioration observed in advanced cancer patients and is characterized by weight loss, skeletal muscle wasting, and atrophy of the adipose tissue. This systemic syndrome, termed cancer-associated cachexia (CAC), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. While once attributed solely to decreased food intake, the present description of cancer cachexia is a disorder of multiorgan energy imbalance. Here we review the molecules and pathways responsible for metabolic dysfunction in CAC and the ideas that led to the current understanding.
Keywords: cancer-associated cachexia (CAC); metabolic failure; skeletal muscle atrophy; white adipose tissue (WAT) browning.
© 2016 Petruzzelli and Wagner; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
Figures
![Figure 1.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/4782044/bin/489f01.gif)
![Figure 2.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/4782044/bin/489f02.gif)
![Figure 3.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/4782044/bin/489f03.gif)
![Figure 4.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/4782044/bin/489f04.gif)
Similar articles
-
Advances in cancer cachexia: Intersection between affected organs, mediators, and pharmacological interventions.Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2020 Apr;1873(2):188359. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188359. Epub 2020 Mar 25. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2020. PMID: 32222610 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Adipose tissue dysfunction in cancer cachexia.J Cell Physiol. 2018 Jan;234(1):13-22. doi: 10.1002/jcp.26811. Epub 2018 Aug 4. J Cell Physiol. 2018. PMID: 30078199 Review.
-
Interleukin-6 induces fat loss in cancer cachexia by promoting white adipose tissue lipolysis and browning.Lipids Health Dis. 2018 Jan 16;17(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12944-018-0657-0. Lipids Health Dis. 2018. PMID: 29338749 Free PMC article.
-
Muscle wasting in cancer: the role of mitochondria.Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2015 May;18(3):221-5. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000164. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2015. PMID: 25769061 Review.
-
A switch from white to brown fat increases energy expenditure in cancer-associated cachexia.Cell Metab. 2014 Sep 2;20(3):433-47. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.06.011. Epub 2014 Jul 17. Cell Metab. 2014. PMID: 25043816
Cited by
-
Brassinin alleviates cancer cachexia by suppressing diverse inflammatory mechanisms in mice.MedComm (2020). 2024 May 28;5(6):e558. doi: 10.1002/mco2.558. eCollection 2024 Jun. MedComm (2020). 2024. PMID: 38807976 Free PMC article.
-
Effects of Adjuvant Exercise and Nutrition Therapy on Muscle Fibre Biomechanics in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients.Cancers (Basel). 2024 Apr 22;16(8):1608. doi: 10.3390/cancers16081608. Cancers (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38672689 Free PMC article.
-
Gut Microbial Dysbiosis Differs in Two Distinct Cachectic Tumor-Bearing Models Consuming the Same Diet.Nutrients. 2024 Apr 6;16(7):1076. doi: 10.3390/nu16071076. Nutrients. 2024. PMID: 38613109 Free PMC article.
-
Targeting the Warburg Effect in Cancer: Where Do We Stand?Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 8;25(6):3142. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063142. Int J Mol Sci. 2024. PMID: 38542116 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Cachexia-Affected Survival Based on Inflammatory Parameters Compared to Complex Conventional Nutritional Assessments in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer and Other Gastrointestinal Tumors-The CONKO 020 Investigation.Cancers (Basel). 2024 Mar 18;16(6):1194. doi: 10.3390/cancers16061194. Cancers (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38539528 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Agustsson T, D'Souza MA, Nowak G, Isaksson B. 2011. Mechanisms for skeletal muscle insulin resistance in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Nutrition 27: 796–801. - PubMed
-
- Anker SD, Coats AJ. 1999. Cardiac cachexia: a syndrome with impaired survival and immune and neuroendocrine activation. Chest 115: 836–847. - PubMed
-
- Argiles JM, Lopez-Soriano FJ. 1999. The role of cytokines in cancer cachexia. Med Res Rev 19: 223–248. - PubMed
-
- Arruda AP, Milanski M, Romanatto T, Solon C, Coope A, Alberici LC, Festuccia WT, Hirabara SM, Ropelle E, Curi R, et al. 2010. Hypothalamic actions of tumor necrosis factor α provide the thermogenic core for the wastage syndrome in cachexia. Endocrinology 151: 683–694. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources