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. 1999 Dec 24;274(52):37046-52.
doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.52.37046.

The neurite retraction induced by lysophosphatidic acid increases Alzheimer's disease-like Tau phosphorylation

C L Sayas  1 , M T Moreno-Flores, J Avila, F Wandosell
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The neurite retraction induced by lysophosphatidic acid increases Alzheimer's disease-like Tau phosphorylation

C L Sayas et al. J Biol Chem. .
Free article

Abstract

The bioactive phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) causes growth cone collapse and neurite retraction in neuronal cells. These changes are brought about by the action of a cell surface receptor coupled to specific G proteins that control morphology and motility through the action of a group of small GTPases, the Rho family of proteins. Many studies have focused on actin reorganization modulated by Rho-GTPases, but almost no information has been obtained concerning microtubular network reorganization after LPA-induced neurite retraction. In the present study, we demonstrate an increase in site-specific Alzheimer's disease-like Tau phosphorylation during LPA-induced neurite retraction in differentiated SY-SH5Y human neuroblastoma cells. The phosphorylation state of Tau was inferred from its immunoreactivity with antibodies that recognize phosphorylation-sensitive epitopes. The effects of specific kinase inhibitors indicate that this phosphorylation is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). In support of this idea, we observed an increase of GSK-3 activity upon growth cone collapse. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that activation of GSK-3 occurs in the Rho pathway and may represent an important link between microtubules and microfilaments dynamics during neuritogenesis and in pathological situations such as Alzheimer's disease.

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