Chromatin silencing and activation by Polycomb and trithorax group proteins
- PMID: 11420721
- DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204330
Chromatin silencing and activation by Polycomb and trithorax group proteins
Abstract
The Polycomb group (PcG) of repressors and the trithorax group (trxG) of activators maintain the correct expression of several key developmental regulators, including the homeotic genes. PcG and trxG proteins function in distinct multiprotein complexes that are believed to control transcription by changing the structure of chromatin, organizing it into either a 'closed' or an 'open' conformation. The hallmark of gene regulation by PcG/trxG proteins is that it can lead to a mitotically stable pattern of gene expression, often referred to as epigenetic regulation. Although much remains to be learned, recent studies have provided insights into how this epigenetic switch is set, how PcG/trxG proteins might be linked to cis-acting DNA elements and what potential mechanisms underlie stable inheritance of gene expression status over multiple cell divisions. Finally, the study of the evolutionarily conserved PcG/trxG factors has recently gained additional urgency with the realization that they play a pertinent role in certain human cancers.
Similar articles
-
The Drosophila brahma complex is an essential coactivator for the trithorax group protein zeste.Genes Dev. 2000 May 1;14(9):1058-71. Genes Dev. 2000. PMID: 10809665 Free PMC article.
-
Concise review: roles of polycomb group proteins in development and disease: a stem cell perspective.Stem Cells. 2007 Oct;25(10):2498-510. doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0608. Epub 2007 Jun 28. Stem Cells. 2007. PMID: 17600113 Review.
-
Function of the Trithorax-like gene during Drosophila development.Dev Biol. 2004 Apr 15;268(2):327-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.01.006. Dev Biol. 2004. PMID: 15063171
-
Regulation of Abd-B expression by Cyclin G and Corto in the abdominal epithelium of Drosophila.Hereditas. 2008 Jun;145(3):138-46. doi: 10.1111/j.0018-0661.2008.02067.x. Hereditas. 2008. PMID: 18667003
-
Regulation of cell identity by plant Polycomb and trithorax group proteins.Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2010 Oct;20(5):541-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2010.04.015. Epub 2010 Jun 1. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2010. PMID: 20684877 Review.
Cited by
-
Transcriptional repression in stochastic gene expression, patterning, and cell fate specification.Dev Biol. 2022 Jan;481:129-138. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.10.002. Epub 2021 Oct 21. Dev Biol. 2022. PMID: 34688689 Free PMC article.
-
The Role of Polycomb Group Protein BMI1 in DNA Repair and Genomic Stability.Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 15;22(6):2976. doi: 10.3390/ijms22062976. Int J Mol Sci. 2021. PMID: 33804165 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Phase 1 study of tazemetostat in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma.Cancer Sci. 2021 Mar;112(3):1123-1131. doi: 10.1111/cas.14822. Epub 2021 Feb 15. Cancer Sci. 2021. PMID: 33492746 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Epigenetic regulation in human cancer: the potential role of epi-drug in cancer therapy.Mol Cancer. 2020 Apr 27;19(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s12943-020-01197-3. Mol Cancer. 2020. PMID: 32340605 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitors.Leuk Lymphoma. 2018 Jul;59(7):1574-1585. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1430795. Epub 2018 Feb 23. Leuk Lymphoma. 2018. PMID: 29473431 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources