Biology of mammalian L1 retrotransposons
- PMID: 11700292
- DOI: 10.1146/annurev.genet.35.102401.091032
Biology of mammalian L1 retrotransposons
Abstract
L1 retrotransposons comprise 17% of the human genome. Although most L1s are inactive, some elements remain capable of retrotransposition. L1 elements have a long evolutionary history dating to the beginnings of eukaryotic existence. Although many aspects of their retrotransposition mechanism remain poorly understood, they likely integrate into genomic DNA by a process called target primed reverse transcription. L1s have shaped mammalian genomes through a number of mechanisms. First, they have greatly expanded the genome both by their own retrotransposition and by providing the machinery necessary for the retrotransposition of other mobile elements, such as Alus. Second, they have shuffled non-L1 sequence throughout the genome by a process termed transduction. Third, they have affected gene expression by a number of mechanisms. For instance, they occasionally insert into genes and cause disease both in humans and in mice. L1 elements have proven useful as phylogenetic markers and may find other practical applications in gene discovery following insertional mutagenesis in mice and in the delivery of therapeutic genes.
Similar articles
-
The structures of mouse and human L1 elements reflect their insertion mechanism.Cytogenet Genome Res. 2005;110(1-4):223-8. doi: 10.1159/000084956. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2005. PMID: 16093676
-
Endonuclease-independent LINE-1 retrotransposition at mammalian telomeres.Nature. 2007 Mar 8;446(7132):208-12. doi: 10.1038/nature05560. Nature. 2007. PMID: 17344853
-
L1 elements, processed pseudogenes and retrogenes in mammalian genomes.IUBMB Life. 2006 Dec;58(12):677-85. doi: 10.1080/15216540601034856. IUBMB Life. 2006. PMID: 17424906 Review.
-
Multiple fates of L1 retrotransposition intermediates in cultured human cells.Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Sep;25(17):7780-95. doi: 10.1128/MCB.25.17.7780-7795.2005. Mol Cell Biol. 2005. PMID: 16107723 Free PMC article.
-
[Genomic instability associated with human LINE-1 rétrotransposition].J Soc Biol. 2004;198(4):419-24. J Soc Biol. 2004. PMID: 15969349 Review. French.
Cited by
-
Investigating mobile element variations by statistical genetics.Hum Genome Var. 2024 May 30;11(1):23. doi: 10.1038/s41439-024-00280-1. Hum Genome Var. 2024. PMID: 38816353 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Identification and characterization of small molecule inhibitors of the LINE-1 retrotransposon endonuclease.Nat Commun. 2024 May 8;15(1):3883. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48066-x. Nat Commun. 2024. PMID: 38719805 Free PMC article.
-
The utility of liquid biopsy-based methylation biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection.Front Oncol. 2024 Mar 26;14:1351514. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1351514. eCollection 2024. Front Oncol. 2024. PMID: 38595823 Free PMC article.
-
Ancestral genome reconstruction enhances transposable element annotation by identifying degenerate integrants.Cell Genom. 2024 Feb 14;4(2):100497. doi: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100497. Epub 2024 Jan 30. Cell Genom. 2024. PMID: 38295789 Free PMC article.
-
AGO2 silences mobile transposons in the nucleus of quiescent cells.Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2023 Dec;30(12):1985-1995. doi: 10.1038/s41594-023-01151-z. Epub 2023 Nov 20. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2023. PMID: 37985687
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Molecular Biology Databases