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Comparative Study
. 2003 Aug 28;424(6952):1042-7.
doi: 10.1038/nature01947. Epub 2003 Aug 13.

Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation

Gabrielle Rocap  1 , Frank W Larimer, Jane Lamerdin, Stephanie Malfatti, Patrick Chain, Nathan A Ahlgren, Andrae Arellano, Maureen Coleman, Loren Hauser, Wolfgang R Hess, Zackary I Johnson, Miriam Land, Debbie Lindell, Anton F Post, Warren Regala, Manesh Shah, Stephanie L Shaw, Claudia Steglich, Matthew B Sullivan, Claire S Ting, Andrew Tolonen, Eric A Webb, Erik R Zinser, Sallie W Chisholm
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Free article
Comparative Study

Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation

Gabrielle Rocap et al. Nature. .
Free article

Abstract

The marine unicellular cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is the smallest-known oxygen-evolving autotroph. It numerically dominates the phytoplankton in the tropical and subtropical oceans, and is responsible for a significant fraction of global photosynthesis. Here we compare the genomes of two Prochlorococcus strains that span the largest evolutionary distance within the Prochlorococcus lineage and that have different minimum, maximum and optimal light intensities for growth. The high-light-adapted ecotype has the smallest genome (1,657,990 base pairs, 1,716 genes) of any known oxygenic phototroph, whereas the genome of its low-light-adapted counterpart is significantly larger, at 2,410,873 base pairs (2,275 genes). The comparative architectures of these two strains reveal dynamic genomes that are constantly changing in response to myriad selection pressures. Although the two strains have 1,350 genes in common, a significant number are not shared, and these have been differentially retained from the common ancestor, or acquired through duplication or lateral transfer. Some of these genes have obvious roles in determining the relative fitness of the ecotypes in response to key environmental variables, and hence in regulating their distribution and abundance in the oceans.

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Comment in

  • Genome sequences from the sea.
    Fuhrman J. Fuhrman J. Nature. 2003 Aug 28;424(6952):1001-2. doi: 10.1038/4241001a. Nature. 2003. PMID: 12944945 No abstract available.

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