Dangerous byproducts of alcohol breakdown--focus on adducts
- PMID: 15540799
- PMCID: PMC6668867
Dangerous byproducts of alcohol breakdown--focus on adducts
Abstract
Alcohol breakdown in the liver results in the generation of the reactive molecule acetaldehyde and, as a byproduct, highly reactive oxygen-containing molecules known as oxygen radicals. Both acetaldehyde and oxygen radicals can interact with proteins and other complex molecules in the cell, forming hybrid compounds called adducts. Other adducts are formed with aldehyde molecules, which are produced through the interaction of oxygen radicals with lipids in the cells. Adduct formation impedes the function of the original proteins participating in the reaction. Moreover, the adducts may induce harmful immune responses. Both of these effects may account for some of the damage observed in alcoholic liver disease. Adduct formation has been shown to occur in the livers of humans and animals consuming alcohol and to start and predominate in those liver regions that show the first signs of liver damage.
Figures
![None](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/6668867/bin/285-290f1.gif)
Similar articles
-
Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease: role of oxidative metabolism.World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Dec 21;20(47):17756-72. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i47.17756. World J Gastroenterol. 2014. PMID: 25548474 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Protein adduct species in muscle and liver of rats following acute ethanol administration.Alcohol Alcohol. 2005 Nov-Dec;40(6):485-93. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agh196. Epub 2005 Aug 30. Alcohol Alcohol. 2005. PMID: 16131499
-
Distribution of ethanol-induced protein adducts in vivo: relationship to tissue injury.Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Dec 15;31(12):1533-8. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00744-4. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001. PMID: 11744326 Review.
-
Aldehyde-protein adducts in the liver as a result of ethanol-induced oxidative stress.Front Biosci. 1999 Jun 1;4:D506-13. doi: 10.2741/niemela. Front Biosci. 1999. PMID: 10352137 Review.
-
Free radical adducts in the bile of rats treated chronically with intragastric alcohol: inhibition by destruction of Kupffer cells.Mol Pharmacol. 1995 May;47(5):1028-34. Mol Pharmacol. 1995. PMID: 7746269
Cited by
-
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 (AKR1A1) exerts a protective function in alcohol-associated liver disease by reducing 4-HNE accumulation and p53 activation.Cell Biosci. 2024 Feb 3;14(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s13578-024-01200-0. Cell Biosci. 2024. PMID: 38308335 Free PMC article.
-
Improved Synthesis of Deoxyadenosine Triphosphate by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using an Efficient ATP Regeneration System: Optimization of Response Surface Analysis.Molecules. 2023 May 11;28(10):4029. doi: 10.3390/molecules28104029. Molecules. 2023. PMID: 37241768 Free PMC article.
-
Microbiome-Based Metabolic Therapeutic Approaches in Alcoholic Liver Disease.Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 6;23(15):8749. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158749. Int J Mol Sci. 2022. PMID: 35955885 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Biochemical Mechanisms of Sirtuin-Directed Protein Acylation in Hepatic Pathologies of Mitochondrial Dysfunction.Cells. 2022 Jun 28;11(13):2045. doi: 10.3390/cells11132045. Cells. 2022. PMID: 35805129 Free PMC article. Review.
-
β-Carotene Increases Activity of Cytochrome P450 2E1 during Ethanol Consumption.Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 May 23;11(5):1033. doi: 10.3390/antiox11051033. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022. PMID: 35624897 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Cederbaum AI. Introduction—Serial review: Alcohol, oxidative stress and cell injury. Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 2001;31:1524–1526. - PubMed
-
- Clot P, Parola M, Bellomo G, et al. Plasma membrane hydroxyethyl radical adducts cause antibody-dependent cytotoxicity in rat hepatocytes exposed to alcohol. Gastroenterology. 1997;113:265–276. - PubMed
-
- Esterbauer H, Schaur RJ, Zollner H. Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malondialdehyde and related aldehydes. Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 1991;11:81–128. - PubMed
-
- Halsted CH, Villanueva J, Chandler CJ, et al. Centri-lobular distribution of acetaldehyde and collagen in the ethanol-fed micropig. Hepatology. 1993;18:954–960. - PubMed
-
- Klassen LW, Tuma DJ, Sorrell MF. Immune mechanisms of alcohol-induced liver disease. Hepatology. 1995;22:355–357. - PubMed