Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection
- PMID: 17934078
- PMCID: PMC2176051
- DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00023-07
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection
Abstract
Before the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003, only 12 other animal or human coronaviruses were known. The discovery of this virus was soon followed by the discovery of the civet and bat SARS-CoV and the human coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1. Surveillance of coronaviruses in many animal species has increased the number on the list of coronaviruses to at least 36. The explosive nature of the first SARS epidemic, the high mortality, its transient reemergence a year later, and economic disruptions led to a rush on research of the epidemiological, clinical, pathological, immunological, virological, and other basic scientific aspects of the virus and the disease. This research resulted in over 4,000 publications, only some of the most representative works of which could be reviewed in this article. The marked increase in the understanding of the virus and the disease within such a short time has allowed the development of diagnostic tests, animal models, antivirals, vaccines, and epidemiological and infection control measures, which could prove to be useful in randomized control trials if SARS should return. The findings that horseshoe bats are the natural reservoir for SARS-CoV-like virus and that civets are the amplification host highlight the importance of wildlife and biosecurity in farms and wet markets, which can serve as the source and amplification centers for emerging infections.
Figures
![FIG. 1.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2176051/bin/zcm0040722200001.gif)
![FIG. 2.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2176051/bin/zcm0040722200002.gif)
Similar articles
-
Understanding bat SARS-like coronaviruses for the preparation of future coronavirus outbreaks - Implications for coronavirus vaccine development.Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017 Jan 2;13(1):186-189. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1228500. Epub 2016 Sep 20. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017. PMID: 27644155 Free PMC article.
-
SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses.Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016 Aug;14(8):523-34. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81. Epub 2016 Jun 27. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016. PMID: 27344959 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus ORF8 Protein Is Acquired from SARS-Related Coronavirus from Greater Horseshoe Bats through Recombination.J Virol. 2015 Oct;89(20):10532-47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01048-15. Epub 2015 Aug 12. J Virol. 2015. PMID: 26269185 Free PMC article.
-
Animal coronaviruses: what can they teach us about the severe acute respiratory syndrome?Rev Sci Tech. 2004 Aug;23(2):643-60. doi: 10.20506/rst.23.2.1513. Rev Sci Tech. 2004. PMID: 15702725 Review.
-
Breakthrough of the year. SARS: a pandemic prevented.Science. 2003 Dec 19;302(5653):2045. doi: 10.1126/science.302.5653.2045. Science. 2003. PMID: 14684791 No abstract available.
Cited by
-
Lung Diffusion Capacity in Patients With Bilateral COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Three-Month Follow-Up Study.Cureus. 2024 Apr 24;16(4):e58897. doi: 10.7759/cureus.58897. eCollection 2024 Apr. Cureus. 2024. PMID: 38800334 Free PMC article.
-
High frequencies of nonviral colds and respiratory bacteria colonization among children in rural Western Uganda.Front Pediatr. 2024 May 2;12:1379131. doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1379131. eCollection 2024. Front Pediatr. 2024. PMID: 38756971 Free PMC article.
-
The cGAS-STING pathway in cardiovascular diseases: from basic research to clinical perspectives.Cell Biosci. 2024 May 8;14(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s13578-024-01242-4. Cell Biosci. 2024. PMID: 38720328 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Genomic Diversity and Recombination Analysis of the Spike Protein Gene from Selected Human Coronaviruses.Biology (Basel). 2024 Apr 22;13(4):282. doi: 10.3390/biology13040282. Biology (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38666894 Free PMC article.
-
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in South Asian countries: molecular evolutionary model based phylogenetic and mutation analysis.Environ Sustain (Singap). 2021;4(3):533-541. doi: 10.1007/s42398-020-00123-z. Epub 2020 Sep 18. Environ Sustain (Singap). 2021. PMID: 38624491 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Ahmed, R., Q. A. Ahmed, N. A. Adhami, and Z. A. Memish. 2002. Varicella pneumonia: another ‘steroid responsive’ pneumonia? J. Chemother. 14:220-222. - PubMed
-
- Amici, C., A. Di Coro, A. Ciucci, L. Chiappa, C. Castilletti, V. Martella, N. Decaro, C. Buonavoglia, M. R. Capobianchi, and M. G. Santoro. 2006. Indomethacin has a potent antiviral activity against SARS coronavirus. Antivir. Ther. 11:1021-1030. - PubMed
-
- Anand, K., J. Ziebuhr, P. Wadhwani, J. R. Mesters, and R. Hilgenfeld. 2003. Coronavirus main proteinase (3CLpro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs. Science 300:1763-1767. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Miscellaneous