Glycerolipid metabolism and signaling in health and disease
- PMID: 18606873
- DOI: 10.1210/er.2008-0007
Glycerolipid metabolism and signaling in health and disease
Abstract
Maintenance of body temperature is achieved partly by modulating lipolysis by a network of complex regulatory mechanisms. Lipolysis is an integral part of the glycerolipid/free fatty acid (GL/FFA) cycle, which is the focus of this review, and we discuss the significance of this pathway in the regulation of many physiological processes besides thermogenesis. GL/FFA cycle is referred to as a "futile" cycle because it involves continuous formation and hydrolysis of GL with the release of heat, at the expense of ATP. However, we present evidence underscoring the "vital" cellular signaling roles of the GL/FFA cycle for many biological processes. Probably because of its importance in many cellular functions, GL/FFA cycling is under stringent control and is organized as several composite short substrate/product cycles where forward and backward reactions are catalyzed by separate enzymes. We believe that the renaissance of the GL/FFA cycle is timely, considering the emerging view that many of the neutral lipids are in fact key signaling molecules whose production is closely linked to GL/FFA cycling processes. The evidence supporting the view that alterations in GL/FFA cycling are involved in the pathogenesis of "fatal" conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cancer is discussed. We also review the different enzymatic and transport steps that encompass the GL/FFA cycle leading to the generation of several metabolic signals possibly implicated in the regulation of biological processes ranging from energy homeostasis, insulin secretion and appetite control to aging and longevity. Finally, we present a perspective of the possible therapeutic implications of targeting this cycling.
Similar articles
-
Identification of a mammalian glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase: Role in metabolism and signaling in pancreatic β-cells and hepatocytes.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jan 26;113(4):E430-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1514375113. Epub 2016 Jan 11. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016. PMID: 26755581 Free PMC article.
-
Impact of alogliptin and pioglitazone on lipid metabolism in islets of prediabetic and diabetic Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats.Biochem Pharmacol. 2015 May 1;95(1):46-57. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.03.010. Epub 2015 Mar 20. Biochem Pharmacol. 2015. PMID: 25801003
-
Dissecting adipose tissue lipolysis: molecular regulation and implications for metabolic disease.J Mol Endocrinol. 2014 Jun;52(3):R199-222. doi: 10.1530/JME-13-0277. Epub 2014 Feb 27. J Mol Endocrinol. 2014. PMID: 24577718 Review.
-
Glycerolipid/free fatty acid cycle and islet β-cell function in health, obesity and diabetes.Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012 Apr 28;353(1-2):88-100. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.11.004. Epub 2011 Nov 15. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012. PMID: 22108437 Review.
-
Cold stress increases lipolysis, FFA Ra and TG/FFA cycling in humans.Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999 Jan;70(1):42-50. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999. PMID: 9895020
Cited by
-
Investigating Distinct Skin Microbial Communities and Skin Metabolome Profiles in Atopic Dermatitis.Int J Mol Sci. 2024 May 10;25(10):5211. doi: 10.3390/ijms25105211. Int J Mol Sci. 2024. PMID: 38791249 Free PMC article.
-
In Vivo Monitoring of Glycerolipid Metabolism in Animal Nutrition Biomodel-Fed Smart-Farm Eggs.Foods. 2024 Feb 27;13(5):722. doi: 10.3390/foods13050722. Foods. 2024. PMID: 38472835 Free PMC article.
-
Hypoxia and low-glucose environments co-induced HGDILnc1 promote glycolysis and angiogenesis.Cell Death Discov. 2024 Mar 12;10(1):132. doi: 10.1038/s41420-024-01903-w. Cell Death Discov. 2024. PMID: 38472215 Free PMC article.
-
Futile lipid cycling: from biochemistry to physiology.Nat Metab. 2024 May;6(5):808-824. doi: 10.1038/s42255-024-01003-0. Epub 2024 Mar 8. Nat Metab. 2024. PMID: 38459186 Review.
-
Biomarkers in Cancer Detection, Diagnosis, and Prognosis.Sensors (Basel). 2023 Dec 20;24(1):37. doi: 10.3390/s24010037. Sensors (Basel). 2023. PMID: 38202898 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical