Diagnostic algorithm for the evaluation of hematuria
- PMID: 20409255
- DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2010.00491.x
Diagnostic algorithm for the evaluation of hematuria
Abstract
Purpose: To present a logical and cost-effective diagnostic approach for primary care physicians to a common symptom, hematuria.
Data source: Selected research, review articles, as well as medical textbooks and current government guidelines.
Conclusion: Dipstick test and microscopic urinalysis are two common screening tests for hematuria. Once hematuria is discovered, its etiology should be investigated through a comprehensive history, a focused physical examination, laboratory studies, and radiographic imaging. Microscopic urinalysis is simple yet important in distinguishing glomerular from nonglomerular sources of bleeding. Intravenous urography, renal ultrasonography, or computed tomography may be needed to determine the location and characteristics of lesions. Cytoscopy is important in evaluating lower urinary tract lesions.
Implications for practice: Hematuria is a frequently encountered symptom that has a broad differential diagnosis ranging from insignificant etiology to potentially life-threatening neoplastic lesions. A systematic method can be useful in efficiently and cost-effectively managing hematuria. Early and appropriate diagnosis of this common symptom results in improved clinical outcomes.
Similar articles
-
Evaluating adult hematuria.Nurse Pract. 1999 Sep;24(9):58-65. Nurse Pract. 1999. PMID: 10507071 Review.
-
Evaluation of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults.Am Fam Physician. 1999 Sep 15;60(4):1143-52, 1154. Am Fam Physician. 1999. PMID: 10507744 Review.
-
Asymptomatic hematuria. Diagnostic approach.Postgrad Med. 1977 Sep;62(3):115-20. Postgrad Med. 1977. PMID: 896605
-
A cost-effectiveness analysis of screening urine dipsticks in well-child care.Pediatrics. 2010 Apr;125(4):660-3. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-1980. Epub 2010 Mar 15. Pediatrics. 2010. PMID: 20231188
-
What is significant hematuria for the primary care physician?Can J Urol. 2012 Oct;19 Suppl 1:36-41. Can J Urol. 2012. PMID: 23089346
Cited by
-
Predictive Factors for Major Complications and Urological Cancer Diagnosis in Older Adults (≥80 Years) Admitted to the Emergency Department for Hematuria.J Clin Med. 2024 May 13;13(10):2874. doi: 10.3390/jcm13102874. J Clin Med. 2024. PMID: 38792416 Free PMC article.
-
Massive haematuria successfully managed by intravesical Ankaferd in a haemodialysis patient complicated with disseminated intravascular coagulation.BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Dec 23;2012:bcr2012006699. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006699. BMJ Case Rep. 2012. PMID: 23266773 Free PMC article.
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources