RNA polymerase and transcription elongation factor Spt4/5 complex structure
- PMID: 21187417
- PMCID: PMC3021056
- DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1013828108
RNA polymerase and transcription elongation factor Spt4/5 complex structure
Abstract
Spt4/5 in archaea and eukaryote and its bacterial homolog NusG is the only elongation factor conserved in all three domains of life and plays many key roles in cotranscriptional regulation and in recruiting other factors to the elongating RNA polymerase. Here, we present the crystal structure of Spt4/5 as well as the structure of RNA polymerase-Spt4/5 complex using cryoelectron microscopy reconstruction and single particle analysis. The Spt4/5 binds in the middle of RNA polymerase claw and encloses the DNA, reminiscent of the DNA polymerase clamp and ring helicases. The transcription elongation complex model reveals that the Spt4/5 is an upstream DNA holder and contacts the nontemplate DNA in the transcription bubble. These structures reveal that the cellular RNA polymerases also use a strategy of encircling DNA to enhance its processivity as commonly observed for many nucleic acid processing enzymes including DNA polymerases and helicases.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Figures
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Comment in
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Competing for the clamp: promoting RNA polymerase processivity and managing the transition from initiation to elongation.Mol Cell. 2011 Jul 22;43(2):161-3. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2011.07.002. Mol Cell. 2011. PMID: 21777806
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