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Review
. 2011 Feb;23(1):41-5.
doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2010.10.004. Epub 2011 Jan 3.

Sialoside-based pattern recognitions discriminating infections from tissue injuries

Yang Liu  1 , Guo-Yun Chen, Pan Zheng
Affiliations
Review

Sialoside-based pattern recognitions discriminating infections from tissue injuries

Yang Liu et al. Curr Opin Immunol. 2011 Feb.

Abstract

Recognition of pathogens-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs) and RIG-I-like receptors (RLR) plays a critical role in protecting host against pathogens. In addition, TLR and NLR also recognize danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to initiate limited innate immune responses. While innate immune response to DAMPs may be important for tissue repairs and wound healing, it is normally well controlled to avoid autoimmune destruction. Recent data support a role for sialoside-based pattern recognition by members of the Siglec family to attenuate innate immunity. In particular, since CD24-Siglec 10/G interaction selectively dampens host response to DAMPs but not PAMPs, this sialoside-based pattern recognition may serve as a foundation to discriminate PAMPs from DAMPs.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Sialoside-based pattern recognition discriminates infections from aseptic tissue injuries by two possible mechanisms. First, CD24 forms trimolecular complex with DAMPs and Siglec G that inhibits activation of TLR/NLR. Second, pathogen-encoded sialidases prevent CD24 from interacting with Siglec G. As a result, DAMPs and PAMPs become indistinguishable during infection.
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