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Comparative Study
. 2012 Jul;136(1):40-5.

Inhibition of toxic actions of phospholipase A2 isolated & characterized from the Indian Banded Krait (Bungarus fasciatus) venom by synthetic herbal compounds

Antony Gomes  1 , Shamik Bhattacharya, Sanghamitra Mukherjee; Inn-ho-Tsai; Aparna Gomes
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Inhibition of toxic actions of phospholipase A2 isolated & characterized from the Indian Banded Krait (Bungarus fasciatus) venom by synthetic herbal compounds

Antony Gomes et al. Indian J Med Res. 2012 Jul.

Abstract

Background & objectives: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2 ) is one of the major constituents of krait venom associated with several pathophysiological actions like myotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, etc. As there was no specific antiserum available against Bungarus fasciatus venom, this study was done with synthetic herbal compounds, anti PLA2 rabbit antiserum and commercial polyvalent snake venom antiserum to neutralize the PLA2 induced toxicities in experimental models.

Methods: B. fasciatus venom phospholipase A2 fraction 38 (BF-38) was isolated by ion exchange chromatography, molecular weight was determined by mass spectrometry and its N terminal amino acid sequence was identified. Monospecific rabbit antiserum was raised against the PLA2 in presence of Freund complete adjuvant. The neutralization of PLA2 induced toxicities was done in in vitro and in in vivo models using synthetic herbal compounds, anti PLA2 rabbit antiserum and commercial polyvalent snake venom antiserum.

Results: A toxic PLA2 (BF-38) was purified from the B. fasciatus venom by CM-cellulose and HPLC, of 13.17 kDa and a minor band of 7.3 kDa using ESI-MS. The 13.17 kDa PLA2 sequence was NLYQFKNMIQC. The 7.3 kDa toxin sequence was RKCLTKYSQDNES and was found to be <10 per cent w/w. Anti PLA2 rabbit antiserum produced faint precipitant band in immunogel diffusion and showed low titre value. The commercial polyvalent snake venom antiserum, anti PLA2 rabbit antiserum and the synthetic herbal compounds neutralized the PLA2 induced toxicities at different intensities.

Interpretation & conclusions: Our results suggested that synthetic herbal compound (BA) along with antiserum might provide effective protection against PLA2 induced toxicities of B. fasciatus venom.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Purification of PLA2 from Bungarus fasciatus snake venom by carboxy methyl-ion exchange chromatography. B. fasciatus venom (25 mg) was applied in a column (5.6 × 1.6 cm) packed with CM- cellulose. Elution was done with 0.02 M phosphate buffer and in a stepwise gradient of NaCl (0 – 1 M). formula image = Fraction 38 was collected and used as ‘BF-38’. Inset A: HPLC Chromatogram of Fraction 38 using Protein pack 60 column (7.8 ° 300 mm). The column was run with 50 mM Na-K phosphate buffer containing 0.15 M NaCl (pH 7.2, flow rate 0.8 ml/min). Retention time was 11.8 min.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Determination of molecular weight of BF-38 by electron-spray-ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). A. Mass of the PLA2 was 13177 Daltons. B. Mass of the 3FTx was 7305 Daltons.
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