HIV entry and envelope glycoprotein-mediated fusion
- PMID: 23043104
- PMCID: PMC3510787
- DOI: 10.1074/jbc.R112.406272
HIV entry and envelope glycoprotein-mediated fusion
Abstract
HIV entry involves binding of the trimeric viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) gp120/gp41 to cell surface receptors, which triggers conformational changes in Env that drive the membrane fusion reaction. The conformational landscape that the lipids and Env navigate en route to fusion has been examined by biophysical measurements on the microscale, whereas electron tomography, x-rays, and NMR have provided insights into the process on the nanoscale and atomic scale. However, the coupling between the lipid and protein pathways that give rise to fusion has not been resolved. Here, we discuss the known and unknown about the overall HIV Env-mediated fusion process.
Figures
![FIGURE 1.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3510787/bin/zbc0501231380001.gif)
![FIGURE 2.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3510787/bin/zbc0501231380002.gif)
![FIGURE 3.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3510787/bin/zbc0501231380003.gif)
![FIGURE 4.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3510787/bin/zbc0501231380004.gif)
Similar articles
-
Mutations That Increase the Stability of the Postfusion gp41 Conformation of the HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Are Selected by both an X4 and R5 HIV-1 Virus To Escape Fusion Inhibitors Corresponding to Heptad Repeat 1 of gp41, but the gp120 Adaptive Mutations Differ between the Two Viruses.J Virol. 2019 May 15;93(11):e00142-19. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00142-19. Print 2019 Jun 1. J Virol. 2019. PMID: 30894471 Free PMC article.
-
The Polar Region of the HIV-1 Envelope Protein Determines Viral Fusion and Infectivity by Stabilizing the gp120-gp41 Association.J Virol. 2019 Mar 21;93(7):e02128-18. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02128-18. Print 2019 Apr 1. J Virol. 2019. PMID: 30651369 Free PMC article.
-
HIV-1 gp41 Residues Modulate CD4-Induced Conformational Changes in the Envelope Glycoprotein and Evolution of a Relaxed Conformation of gp120.J Virol. 2018 Jul 31;92(16):e00583-18. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00583-18. Print 2018 Aug 15. J Virol. 2018. PMID: 29875245 Free PMC article.
-
Recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 entry and fusion: revisiting current targets and considering new options for therapeutic intervention.Curr HIV Res. 2004 Jul;2(3):223-34. doi: 10.2174/1570162043351327. Curr HIV Res. 2004. PMID: 15279586 Review.
-
The HIV Env-mediated fusion reaction.Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Jul 11;1614(1):36-50. doi: 10.1016/s0005-2736(03)00161-5. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003. PMID: 12873764 Review.
Cited by
-
Mannose-specific plant and microbial lectins as antiviral agents: A review.Glycoconj J. 2024 Feb;41(1):1-33. doi: 10.1007/s10719-023-10142-7. Epub 2024 Jan 20. Glycoconj J. 2024. PMID: 38244136 Review.
-
Bioorthogonal click labeling of an amber-free HIV-1 provirus for in-virus single molecule imaging.Cell Chem Biol. 2024 Mar 21;31(3):487-501.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.12.017. Epub 2024 Jan 16. Cell Chem Biol. 2024. PMID: 38232732
-
HIV-1 Env trimers asymmetrically engage CD4 receptors in membranes.Nature. 2023 Nov;623(7989):1026-1033. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06762-6. Epub 2023 Nov 22. Nature. 2023. PMID: 37993716 Free PMC article.
-
Lipid acyl chain protrusion induced by the influenza virus hemagglutinin fusion peptide detected by NMR paramagnetic relaxation enhancement.Biophys Chem. 2023 Aug;299:107028. doi: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107028. Epub 2023 May 13. Biophys Chem. 2023. PMID: 37247572
-
Physiological Corticosterone Attenuates gp120-Mediated Microglial Activation and Is Associated with Reduced Anxiety-Like Behavior in gp120-Expressing Mice.Viruses. 2023 Feb 2;15(2):424. doi: 10.3390/v15020424. Viruses. 2023. PMID: 36851638 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Esser M. T., Graham D. R., Coren L. V., Trubey C. M., Bess J. W., Jr., Arthur L. O., Ott D. E., Lifson J. D. (2001) Differential incorporation of CD45, CD80 (B7-1), CD86 (B7-2), and major histocompatibility complex class I and II molecules into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions and microvesicles: implications for viral pathogenesis and immune regulation. J. Virol. 75, 6173–6182 - PMC - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials