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Review
. 2015 Mar;38(3):529-37.
doi: 10.2337/dc14-2073.

Sleep duration and risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

Zhilei Shan  1 , Hongfei Ma  1 , Manling Xie  1 , Peipei Yan  1 , Yanjun Guo  2 , Wei Bao  1 , Ying Rong  1 , Chandra L Jackson  3 , Frank B Hu  4 , Liegang Liu  5
Affiliations
Review

Sleep duration and risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

Zhilei Shan et al. Diabetes Care. 2015 Mar.

Abstract

Objective: It remains unclear how many hours of sleep are associated with the lowest risk of type 2 diabetes. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and risk of type 2 diabetes.

Research design and methods: PubMed and Embase were searched up to 20 March 2014 for prospective observational studies that assessed the relationship of sleep duration and risk of type 2 diabetes. Both semiparametric and parametric methods were used.

Results: Ten articles with 11 reports were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A total of 18,443 incident cases of type 2 diabetes were ascertained among 482,502 participants with follow-up periods ranging from 2.5 to 16 years. A U-shaped dose-response relationship was observed between sleep duration and risk of type 2 diabetes, with the lowest risk observed at a sleep duration category of 7-8 h per day. Compared with 7-h sleep duration per day, the pooled relative risks for type 2 diabetes were 1.09 (95% CI 1.04-1.15) for each 1-h shorter sleep duration among individuals who slept <7 h per day and 1.14 (1.03-1.26) for each 1-h increment of sleep duration among individuals with longer sleep duration.

Conclusions: Our dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies shows a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and risk of type 2 diabetes, with the lowest type 2 diabetes risk at 7-8 h per day of sleep duration. Both short and long sleep duration are associated with a significantly increased risk of type 2 diabetes, underscoring the importance of appropriate sleep duration in the delay or prevention of type 2 diabetes.

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