Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2015:2015:873404.
doi: 10.1155/2015/873404. Epub 2015 Oct 25.

Viral Interference and Persistence in Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses

Juan Santiago Salas-Benito  1 , Mónica De Nova-Ocampo  1
Affiliations
Review

Viral Interference and Persistence in Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses

Juan Santiago Salas-Benito et al. J Immunol Res. 2015.

Abstract

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses are important pathogens for humans, and the detection of two or more flaviviruses cocirculating in the same geographic area has often been reported. However, the epidemiological impact remains to be determined. Mosquito-borne flaviviruses are primarily transmitted through Aedes and Culex mosquitoes; these viruses establish a life-long or persistent infection without apparent pathological effects. This establishment requires a balance between virus replication and the antiviral host response. Viral interference is a phenomenon whereby one virus inhibits the replication of other viruses, and this condition is frequently associated with persistent infections. Viral interference and persistent infection are determined by several factors, such as defective interfering particles, competition for cellular factors required for translation/replication, and the host antiviral response. The interaction between two flaviviruses typically results in viral interference, indicating that these viruses share common features during the replicative cycle in the vector. The potential mechanisms involved in these processes are reviewed here.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanisms involved in viral interference/persistence. The JAK-STAT and Toll pathways represent the innate immune system. Viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) and cellular Retrotransposon Retrotranscriptase (RRT) through Dicer-2 are involved in the generation of viral defective genomes which are able to compete for viral and cellular factors required for translation and/or replication of the parental virus. The viral cDNAs generated by the RRT could inhibit viral replication through Dicer-2 and the RNAi pathway. RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Roby J. A., Pijlman G. P., Wilusz J., Khromykh A. A. Noncoding subgenomic Flavivirus RNA: multiple functions in West Nile virus pathogenesis and modulation of host responses. Viruses. 2014;6(2):404–427. doi: 10.3390/v6020404. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lindenbach B. D., Rice C. M. Flaviviridae: the viruses and their replication. In: Knipe D. M., Howley P. M., editors. Fields Virology. 4th. Philadelphia, Pa, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001. pp. 991–1024.
    1. Stollar V., Thomas V. L. An agent in the Aedes aegypti cell line (Peleg) which causes fusion of Aedes albopictus cells. Virology. 1975;64(2):367–377. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(75)90113-0. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Hoshino K., Isawa H., Tsuda Y., Sawabe K., Kobayashi M. Isolation and characterization of a new insect flavivirus from Aedes albopictus and Aedes flavopictus mosquitoes in Japan. Virology. 2009;391(1):119–129. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.06.025. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Junglen S., Kopp A., Kurth A., Pauli G., Ellerbrok H., Leendertz F. H. A new flavivirus and a new vector: characterization of a novel flavivirus isolated from Uranotaenia mosquitoes from a tropical rain forest. Journal of Virology. 2009;83(9):4462–4468. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00014-09. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

Substances

-