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. 2017 Nov:112:156-163.
doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.057. Epub 2017 Sep 28.

Synergistic effect of eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene on inhibition of drug resistance and biofilm formation of oral bacteria

Hanene Miladi  1 , Tarek Zmantar  1 , Bochra Kouidhi  2 , Yasir Mohammed A Al Qurashi  3 , Amina Bakhrouf  1 , Yassine Chaabouni  4 , Kacem Mahdouani  5 , Kamel Chaieb  1
Affiliations

Synergistic effect of eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene on inhibition of drug resistance and biofilm formation of oral bacteria

Hanene Miladi et al. Microb Pathog. 2017 Nov.

Abstract

Dental caries remains the most prevalent oral infectious disease worldwide. In this study, the antibacterial and the antibiofilm activities of five essential oils (EO's): eugenol (EUG), carvacrol (CAR), thymol (TYH), p-cymene (CYM) and γ-terpinene (TER) were tested (alone or in combinaison with tetracycline) against oral bacteria. In addition, their potential roles to enhance the accumulation of ethidium bromide (EtBr) in bacterial cells were tested. Our results indicated that EO's induced a selective antimicrobial activity. A synergistic effect of EO's and tetracycline (TET) was noticed with a reduction rate ranged from 2 to 8-fold. In addition, the efflux of EtBr was inhibited with a decrease in loss of EtBr from the bacteria. On the other hand a significant anti-biofilm activities of EO's (alone or combined with antibiotics) was noticed. In conclusion the tested EO's may be considered as a potential natural source with a resistance-modifying activity and may be applied to eradicate bacterial biofilm.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Antibiofilm activity; Efflux pumps inhibitors; Oral strains; Staphylococcus aureus.

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