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Meta-Analysis
. 2017 Oct 12;12(10):e0186180.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186180. eCollection 2017.

Efficacy of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in management of cystoid macular edema in retinitis pigmentosa: A meta-analysis

Qinzhu Huang  1 , Ru Chen  1 , Xianping Lin  1 , Zhenyang Xiang  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Efficacy of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in management of cystoid macular edema in retinitis pigmentosa: A meta-analysis

Qinzhu Huang et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI) are often used in the treatment of cystoid macular edema (CME) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients. The aim of this meta-analysis is to gain a better understanding of the overall efficacy of CAI treatment.

Methods: Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify relevant studies. Eligible studies were clinical trials of patients with RP assigned topical or oral CAIs such as dorzolamide and acetazolamide. Changes in central macular thickness (CMT) by OCT in μm and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in log MAR equivalents were extracted and results compared between baseline and after treatment.

Results: 11 clinical reports were identified which included a total of 194 patients (358 eyes) available for analysis, with 59 patients (115 eyes) assigned oral CAI treatment and 135 patients (243 eyes) assigned topical CAI treatment. The combined results showed a significant reduction of macular edema, as calculated by baseline and final central macular thickness (CMT) based on OCT examination (46.02μm, 95%CI: -60.96, -31.08, I2 = 65%). However, the effect on visual acuity was inconsistent across studies.

Conclusion: Based on non randomized controlled clinical studies, RP patients with CME who were treated with CAIs had better anatomical outcomes, but the effect on visual acuity was contradictory across studies. Multicenter prospective randomized controlled trials would be ideal to definitively test its clinical efficacy in RP patients.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Flow chart of trials included in this meta-analysis.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Forest plot shows the mean change of central macular thickness (CMT) from baseline.
Data Liew 2015a (topical CAI group) and Liew 2015b (topical CAI group) were extracted from one report. SE = standard error; IV = inverse variance; CI = confidence interval.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Diagram shows the 95% CI of mean change of best corrected visual acuity from baseline in each study.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Forest plot shows subgroup analysis of CMT according to interventions (Topical VS Oral).
Fig 5
Fig 5. Forest plot shows subgroup analysis of VA based on sample size.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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