COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness-the elephant (not) in the room

doi:10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00069-0

. 2021 Jul;2(7):e279-e280.

doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00069-0. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness-the elephant (not) in the room

Piero Olliaro¹, Els Torreele², Michel Vaillant³

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK. Electronic address: piero.olliaro@ndm.ox.ac.uk.
² Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, University College London, London, UK.
³ Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxemburg.

PMID: 33899038
PMCID: PMC8057721
DOI: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00069-0

COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness-the elephant (not) in the room

Piero Olliaro et al. Lancet Microbe. 2021 Jul.

. 2021 Jul;2(7):e279-e280.

doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00069-0. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Authors

Piero Olliaro¹, Els Torreele², Michel Vaillant³

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK. Electronic address: piero.olliaro@ndm.ox.ac.uk.
² Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, University College London, London, UK.
³ Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxemburg.

PMID: 33899038
PMCID: PMC8057721
DOI: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00069-0

Erratum in

Correction to Lancet Microbe 2021; published online April 20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00069-0.
[No authors listed] [No authors listed] Lancet Microbe. 2021 Jul;2(7):e288. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00152-X. Epub 2021 Jun 11. Lancet Microbe. 2021. PMID: 35544162 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare no competing interests.

Figures

**Figure**
RRR and NNV with 95% CI ranked by attack rate in the unvaccinated (placebo) group for five COVID-19 vaccines The lower the NNV and the higher the RRR, the better the vaccine efficacy. Details are in the appendix (p 3). RRR=relative risk reduction. NNV=numbers needed to vaccinate. NIH=US National Institutes of Health.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

COVID-19 vaccines: effectiveness and number needed to treat - Authors' reply.
Olliaro P, Torreele E, Vaillant M. Olliaro P, et al. Lancet Microbe. 2021 Jul;2(7):e282. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00120-8. Epub 2021 May 14. Lancet Microbe. 2021. PMID: 34027505 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
COVID-19 vaccines: effectiveness and number needed to treat.
Correia LCL, Matias D. Correia LCL, et al. Lancet Microbe. 2021 Jul;2(7):e281. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00119-1. Epub 2021 May 14. Lancet Microbe. 2021. PMID: 34027506 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

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References

1. Zimmer C, Corum J, Wee S-L. Covid-19 Vaccine Tracker. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tra...
1. Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:2603–2615. - PMC - PubMed
1. Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:403–416. - PMC - PubMed
1. Voysey M, Clemens SAC, Madhi SA, et al. Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK. Lancet. 2021;397:99–111. - PMC - PubMed
1. Logunov DY, Dolzhikova IV, Shcheblyakov DV, et al. Safety and efficacy of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine: an interim analysis of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial in Russia. Lancet. 2021;397:671–681. - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Zimmer C, Corum J, Wee S-L. Covid-19 Vaccine Tracker. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tra...

[2] Zimmer C, Corum J, Wee S-L. Covid-19 Vaccine Tracker. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tra...

[3] Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:2603–2615. - PMC - PubMed

[4] Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:2603–2615. - PMC - PubMed

[5] Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:403–416. - PMC - PubMed

[6] Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:403–416. - PMC - PubMed

[7] Voysey M, Clemens SAC, Madhi SA, et al. Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK. Lancet. 2021;397:99–111. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Voysey M, Clemens SAC, Madhi SA, et al. Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK. Lancet. 2021;397:99–111. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Logunov DY, Dolzhikova IV, Shcheblyakov DV, et al. Safety and efficacy of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine: an interim analysis of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial in Russia. Lancet. 2021;397:671–681. - PMC - PubMed

[10] Logunov DY, Dolzhikova IV, Shcheblyakov DV, et al. Safety and efficacy of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine: an interim analysis of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial in Russia. Lancet. 2021;397:671–681. - PMC - PubMed

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COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness-the elephant (not) in the room

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COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness-the elephant (not) in the room

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