Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jun;9(11):929.
doi: 10.21037/atm-21-2018.

Clinical evaluation and animal experimental study of different mass concentrations of pingyangmycin in the local injection treatment of lip venous malformation

Weili Yuan  1 , Xukai Wang  2 , Lei Xue  2 , Fang Zhang  3
Affiliations

Clinical evaluation and animal experimental study of different mass concentrations of pingyangmycin in the local injection treatment of lip venous malformation

Weili Yuan et al. Ann Transl Med. 2021 Jun.

Abstract

Background: This study investigated the clinical efficacy of different mass concentrations of pingyangmycin in the local injection treatment of lip venous malformation. An animal experimental study of the histopathological effects of different mass concentrations of pingyangmycin on the normal lip tissue of rabbits was also conducted.

Methods: (I) We retrospectively analysed 98 out-patients with lip venous malformation in the Stomatological Hospital and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 2008 to June 2013. The 98 cases were treated by local injection of different mass concentrations (8 mg/3 mL and 8 mg/5 mL) of pingyangmycin for the different sites of the lips. The clinical efficacy was observed, and adverse reactions were recorded. (II) 60 healthy male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: a 8 mg/5 mL pingyangmycin group, a 8 mg/3 mL pingyangmycin group, and a control group. The right upper lips of the experimental groups were injected with 1ml pingyangmycin (8 mg/5 mL) and 1ml pingyangmycin (8 mg/3 mL) respectively, and the control group was injected with the same volume of normal saline. The thickness of the right upper lip of rabbits in the experimental groups and the control group was measured on the 21st, 28th, 35th, and 60th days after the first injection. Histopathological changes at the injection site were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope.

Results: Venous malformations involving the skin tissues of the lips (pingyangmycin 8 mg/3 mL) had an effective rate of 93.62%, and those involving the labial mucosa tissues (pingyangmycin 8 mg/5 mL) had an effective rate of 98.04%. In the animal experiment, there were statistically significant differences in the thickness of the injection site among the 8 mg/3 mL group, 8 mg/5 mL group, and the control group at different time points (P<0.01).

Conclusions: The local injection of pingyangmycin in the treatment of lip venous malformations was efficient, safe and reliable. In the process of clinical application, attention should be paid when the concentration is 8 mg/3 mL to avoid local tissue atrophy and other complications.

Keywords: Pingyangmycin; histopathology; lips; mass concentration; sclerotherapy; venous malformations.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-21-2018). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Female, 8 years old, with venous malformations in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the left upper lip, which were cured after two local injections of 8 mg/3 mL pingyangmycin. (A) Before treatment; (B) 2 months after treatment (2 injections).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Female, 32 years old, with a large volume of venous malformations in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the left upper lip, which were cured after three local injections of 8 mg/3 mL pingyangmycin. The patient’s upper lip was significantly atrophic and thin. (A) Before treatment; (B) 2 months after treatment (3 injections).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Female, 56 years old, with venous malformation of the red labial mucosa on the left upper lip, which was cured after a local injection of 8 mg/5 mL pingyangmycin. (A) Before treatment; (B) one month after treatment (1 injection).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Female, 36 years old, with venous malformation of the upper red labial mucosa (labial tubercle) which was cured after a local injection of 8 mg/5 mL pingyangmycin. (A) Before treatment; (B) one month after treatment (one injection).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Female, 28 years old, with venous malformation of the right upper lip mucosa tissue who was cured after two local injections of 8 mg/5 mL pingyangmycin. (A) Before treatment; (B) 2 months after treatment (two injections).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Comparison of rabbit lip thickness in experimental groups and the control group before and after the injection of different mass concentrations of pingyangmycin at different time points (x¯±s, mm; ##P>0.05 vs. 8 mg/3 mL group and 8 mg/5 mL group before injection; #P>0.05 vs. 8 mg/3 mL group before injection; **P<0.01 vs. 8 mg/3 mL group and 8 mg/5 mL group at the same time point; *P<0.01 vs. 8 mg/3 mL group at the same time point; aP<0.01 before injection vs. the 21st, 28th, 35th, and 60th day after injection in 8 mg/3 mL group; bP<0.01 before injection vs. the 21st, 28th, 35th, and 60th day after injection in 8 mg/5 mL group; cP>0.05 before injection vs. the 21st, 28th, 35th, and 60th day after injection in the control group).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Histopathological changes in the lips of rabbits on the 21st, 28th, and 35th days after injection of different mass concentrations of pingyangmycin in the experimental groups and after injection of normal saline in the control group by light microscope. (A, B, and C were respectively observed under light microscope on the 21st, 28th, and 35th days after injection of 8 mg/5 mL pingyangmycin; E, F and G were respectively observed under light microscope on the 21st, 28th, and 35th days after the injection of 8 mg/3 mL pingyangmycin; D and H were the manifestations under the light microscope on the 35th day after injection of normal saline in the control group; HE staining, magnification ×400). The arrows in (A) showed that the vascular endothelial cells were slightly edematous and the peripheral inflammatory cells were infiltrated. The arrows in (B) showed that hyaline degeneration of collagen fibers was observed and the thrombosis was found in some vascular lumens. The arrows in (C) showed that some capillary lumens were occluded by the thrombosis. The arrow in (E) showed that inflammatory cells infiltrated around vascular endothelial cells. The arrow in (F) showed that massive thrombosis and vascular lumens occlusion were observed in the blood vessels. The arrows in (G) showed that some muscle fibers were dissolved, broken and disordered. There was hyaline degeneration in the collagen fibers.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Histopathological changes in the lips of rabbits on the 21st, 28th, and 35th days after injection of different mass concentrations of pingyangmycin in the experimental groups and after injection of normal saline in the control group by transmission electron microscope (TEM). (A and B, C, D were respectively observed under transmission electron microscope on the 21st, 28th, and 35th days after injection of 8 mg/5 mL pingyangmycin; F, G and H, and I were respectively observed under transmission electron microscope on the 21st, 28th, and 35th days after the injection of 8 mg/3 mL pingyangmycin; E and J were the manifestations under the transmission electron microscope on the 35th day after injection of normal saline in the control group; 80 kV, magnification ×1,000).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Redondo P. Vascular malformations (I). Concept, classification, pathogenesis and clinical features. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2007;98:141-58. 10.1016/S0001-7310(07)70038-8 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Buckmiller LM, Richter GT, Suen JY. Diagnosis and management of hemangiomas and vascular malformations of the head and neck. Oral Dis 2010;16:405-18. 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01661.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Dubois J, Garel L. Imaging and therapeutic approach of hemangiomas and vascular malformations in the pediatric age group. Pediatr Radiol 1999;29:879-93. 10.1007/s002470050718 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Waner M, Suen JY. Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations of the Head and Neck. Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations of the Head and Neck 1999:20-6.
    1. Hage AN, Chick JFB, Srinivasa RN, et al. Treatment of Venous Malformations: The Data, Where We Are, and How It Is Done. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2018;21:45-54. 10.1053/j.tvir.2018.03.001 - DOI - PubMed
-