"LONG COVID": an insight
- PMID: 34533807
- DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202109_26669
"LONG COVID": an insight
Abstract
We aimed this systematic review to analyze and review the currently available published literature related to long COVID, understanding its pattern, and predicting the long-term effects on survivors. We thoroughly searched the databases for relevant articles till May 2021. The research articles that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria were assessed and reviewed by two independent researchers. After preliminary screening of the identified articles through title and abstract, 249 were selected. Consequently, 167 full-text articles were assessed and reviewed based on our inclusion criteria and thus 20 articles were regarded as eligible and analyzed in the present analysis. All the studies included adult population aged between 18 and above 60 years. The median length of hospital stay of the COVID-19 patients during the acute infection phase ranged from 8 days to 17 days. The most common prevalent long-term symptoms in COVID-19 patients included persistent fatigue and dyspnea in almost all of the studies. Other reported common symptoms included: shortness of breath, cough, joint pain, chest pain or tightness, headache, loss of smell/taste, sore throat, diarrhea, loss of memory, depression, anxiety. Associated cardiovascular events included arrhythmias, palpitations and hypotension, increased HR, venous thromboembolic diseases, myocarditis, and acute/decompensated heart failure as well. Among neurological manifestations headache, peripheral neuropathy symptoms, memory issues, concentration, and sleep disorders were most commonly observed with varying frequencies. Mental health issues affecting mental abilities, mood fluctuations namely anxiety and depression, and sleep disorders were commonly seen. Further, diarrhea, vomiting, digestive disorders, and Loss of appetite or weight loss are common gastrointestinal manifestations. Therefore, appropriate clinical evaluation is required in long COVID cases which in turn may help us to identify the risk factors, etiology, and to my help, we treat them early with appropriate management strategies.
Similar articles
-
Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Involvement and Interactions between Respiratory, Cardiovascular and Nervous Systems.J Clin Med. 2022 Jan 20;11(3):524. doi: 10.3390/jcm11030524. J Clin Med. 2022. PMID: 35159974 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Mid and long-term neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations of post-COVID-19 syndrome: A meta-analysis.J Neurol Sci. 2022 Mar 15;434:120162. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120162. Epub 2022 Jan 29. J Neurol Sci. 2022. PMID: 35121209 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Long COVID outcomes following omicron wave in non-hospital population.Front Public Health. 2024 Mar 15;12:1377866. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1377866. eCollection 2024. Front Public Health. 2024. PMID: 38560433 Free PMC article.
-
Symptoms, complications and management of long COVID: a review.J R Soc Med. 2021 Sep;114(9):428-442. doi: 10.1177/01410768211032850. Epub 2021 Jul 15. J R Soc Med. 2021. PMID: 34265229 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Virtualized clinical studies to assess the natural history and impact of gut microbiome modulation in non-hospitalized patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 a randomized, open-label, prospective study with a parallel group study evaluating the physiologic effects of KB109 on gut microbiota structure and function: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled study.Trials. 2021 Apr 2;22(1):245. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05157-0. Trials. 2021. PMID: 33810796 Free PMC article.
Cited by
-
Exploring the Heart Failure Connection in Long COVID Patients: A Narrative Review.Cureus. 2024 Apr 21;16(4):e58694. doi: 10.7759/cureus.58694. eCollection 2024 Apr. Cureus. 2024. PMID: 38774167 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Factors affecting the work ability of nursing personnel with post-COVID infection.Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 27;14(1):9694. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-60437-4. Sci Rep. 2024. PMID: 38678079 Free PMC article.
-
Upper Respiratory Symptoms as Long COVID: Insight from a Multicenter Cohort Study.OTO Open. 2024 Mar 3;8(1):e120. doi: 10.1002/oto2.120. eCollection 2024 Jan-Mar. OTO Open. 2024. PMID: 38435484 Free PMC article.
-
Self-managing symptoms of Long COVID: an education and strategies research protocol.Front Public Health. 2024 Feb 7;12:1106578. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1106578. eCollection 2024. Front Public Health. 2024. PMID: 38384879 Free PMC article.
-
Impact of long COVID on the heart rate variability at rest and during deep breathing maneuver.Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 20;13(1):22695. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50276-0. Sci Rep. 2023. PMID: 38123689 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Miscellaneous