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. 2022 Jan 13;9(1):25.
doi: 10.3390/jcdd9010025.

Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study

Sara Guillen-Aguinaga  1   2 , Antonio Brugos-Larumbe  2 , Laura Guillen-Aguinaga  3 , Felipe Ortuño  4   5 , Francisco Guillen-Grima  2   5   6   7 , Luis Forga  5   8 , Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso  2
Affiliations

Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study

Sara Guillen-Aguinaga et al. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. .

Abstract

(1) Background: Patients with schizophrenia have higher mortality, with cardiovascular diseases being the first cause of mortality. This study aims to estimate the excess risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events in schizophrenic patients, adjusting for comorbidity and risk factors. (2) Methods: The APNA study is a dynamic prospective cohort of all residents in Navarra, Spain. A total of 505,889 people over 18 years old were followed for five years. The endpoint was hospital admissions for a cardiovascular event. Direct Acyclic Graphs (DAG) and Cox regression were used. (3) Results: Schizophrenic patients had a Hazard Ratio (HR) of 1.414 (95% CI 1.031-1.938) of hospital admission for a cardiovascular event after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, low income, obesity, antecedents of cardiovascular disease, and smoking. In non-adherent to antipsychotic treatment schizophrenia patients, the HR was 2.232 (95% CI 1.267-3.933). (4) Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events than persons with the same risk factors without schizophrenia. Primary care nursing interventions should monitor these patients and reduce cardiovascular risk factors.

Keywords: cardiovascular; hospital admissions; prospective cohort; schizophrenia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the study’s design, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) of schizophrenia and hospital admissions for cardiovascular events.
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