Prevention of tick-borne diseases: challenge to recent medicine

doi:10.1007/s11756-021-00966-9

Review

. 2022;77(6):1533-1554.

doi: 10.1007/s11756-021-00966-9. Epub 2022 Mar 9.

Prevention of tick-borne diseases: challenge to recent medicine

Dominika Hromníková¹, Daniel Furka^{2

3}, Samuel Furka^{2

3}, Julio Ariel Dueñas Santana⁴, Táňa Ravingerová³, Vanda Klöcklerová¹, Dušan Žitňan¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Molecular Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84506 Bratislava, Slovakia.
² Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84104 Bratislava, SK Slovakia.
³ Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Heart Research, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK 84005 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁴ Chemical Engineering Department, University of Matanzas, Km 3 Carretera a Varadero, 44740 Matanzas, CU Cuba.

PMID: 35283489
PMCID: PMC8905283
DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00966-9

Review

Prevention of tick-borne diseases: challenge to recent medicine

Dominika Hromníková et al. Biologia (Bratisl). 2022.

. 2022;77(6):1533-1554.

doi: 10.1007/s11756-021-00966-9. Epub 2022 Mar 9.

Authors

Dominika Hromníková¹, Daniel Furka^{2

3}, Samuel Furka^{2

3}, Julio Ariel Dueñas Santana⁴, Táňa Ravingerová³, Vanda Klöcklerová¹, Dušan Žitňan¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Molecular Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84506 Bratislava, Slovakia.
² Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84104 Bratislava, SK Slovakia.
³ Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Heart Research, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK 84005 Bratislava, Slovakia.
⁴ Chemical Engineering Department, University of Matanzas, Km 3 Carretera a Varadero, 44740 Matanzas, CU Cuba.

PMID: 35283489
PMCID: PMC8905283
DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00966-9

Abstract

Abstract: Ticks represent important vectors and reservoirs of pathogens, causing a number of diseases in humans and animals, and significant damage to livestock every year. Modern research into protection against ticks and tick-borne diseases focuses mainly on the feeding stage, i.e. the period when ticks take their blood meal from their hosts during which pathogens are transmitted. Physiological functions in ticks, such as food intake, saliva production, reproduction, development, and others are under control of neuropeptides and peptide hormones which may be involved in pathogen transmission that cause Lyme borreliosis or tick-borne encephalitis. According to current knowledge, ticks are not reservoirs or vectors for the spread of COVID-19 disease. The search for new vaccination methods to protect against ticks and their transmissible pathogens is a challenge for current science in view of global changes, including the increasing migration of the human population.

Highlights: • Tick-borne diseases have an increasing incidence due to climate change and increased human migration• To date, there is no evidence of transmission of coronavirus COVID-19 by tick as a vector• To date, there are only a few modern, effective, and actively- used vaccines against ticks or tick-borne diseases• Neuropeptides and their receptors expressed in ticks may be potentially used for vaccine design.

Keywords: COVID-19; Neuropeptides; Tick-borne disease; Vaccine; Vector.

© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS) 2022.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThe authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

**Fig. 1**
An overview of selected *Ixodes scapularis* peptides. Accession numbers: AT (172aa), AST A (182 aa) XP_029848989.1; SIFa (74 aa) ADD92393.1;; MIP (131 aa); Elev (109 aa) AXL48134.1; ILP1 (135 aa) QDB63964.1; ILP3 (147 aa) QDB63965.1; ILP4 (284 aa) QDB63966.1; ILP5 (149 aa) QDB63967.1; TK (169 aa) EL516783.1. The sequence of MIP1 N-termini is unknown and the C-termini of the MIP3 is with missing amidation signal incomplete. Signal peptide is in the sequences underlined; yellow are A-chains of ILPs and turquoise are B-chains of ILPs; predicted dibasic cleavage sites are red; green are the sequences of mature neuropeptides and the asterisks stand for STOP codon

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References

1. Abbas RZ, Zaman MA, Colwell DD, Gilleard J, Iqbal Z. Acaricide resistance in cattle ticks and approaches to its management: the state of play. Vet Parasitol. 2014;203:6–20. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.03.006. - DOI - PubMed
1. Aguilar R, Maestro J, Vilaplana L, Pascual N, Piulachs M, Bellés X. Allatostatin gene expression in brain and midgut and activity of synthetic allatostatins on feeding-related processes in the cockroach Blattella germanica. Regul Pept. 2003;115:171–177. doi: 10.1016/S0167-0115(03)00165-4. - DOI - PubMed
1. Aghajani J, Farnia P, Ayoubi S, Farnia P, Ghanavi J, Velayati AA (2020) Can animals like bats, pangolins, and ticks would be considered as long-term reservoirs of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Biomed Biotechnol Res J 4(5):3–12. 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_120_20
1. Aljamali M, Sauer J, Essenberg R. RNA interference: applicability in tick research. Exp Appl Acarol. 2002;28:89–96. doi: 10.1023/a:1025346131903. - DOI - PubMed
1. Almazán C, Šimo L, Fourniol L, Rakotobe S, Borneres J, Cote M, Peltier S, Mayé J, Versillé N, Richardson J, Bonnet SI. Multiple antigenic peptide-based vaccines targeting Ixodes ricinus neuropeptides induce a specific antibody response but do not impact tick infestation. Pathogens. 2020;9:900. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9110900. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Abbas RZ, Zaman MA, Colwell DD, Gilleard J, Iqbal Z. Acaricide resistance in cattle ticks and approaches to its management: the state of play. Vet Parasitol. 2014;203:6–20. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.03.006. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Abbas RZ, Zaman MA, Colwell DD, Gilleard J, Iqbal Z. Acaricide resistance in cattle ticks and approaches to its management: the state of play. Vet Parasitol. 2014;203:6–20. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.03.006. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Aguilar R, Maestro J, Vilaplana L, Pascual N, Piulachs M, Bellés X. Allatostatin gene expression in brain and midgut and activity of synthetic allatostatins on feeding-related processes in the cockroach Blattella germanica. Regul Pept. 2003;115:171–177. doi: 10.1016/S0167-0115(03)00165-4. - DOI - PubMed

[4] Aguilar R, Maestro J, Vilaplana L, Pascual N, Piulachs M, Bellés X. Allatostatin gene expression in brain and midgut and activity of synthetic allatostatins on feeding-related processes in the cockroach Blattella germanica. Regul Pept. 2003;115:171–177. doi: 10.1016/S0167-0115(03)00165-4. - DOI - PubMed

[5] Aghajani J, Farnia P, Ayoubi S, Farnia P, Ghanavi J, Velayati AA (2020) Can animals like bats, pangolins, and ticks would be considered as long-term reservoirs of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Biomed Biotechnol Res J 4(5):3–12. 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_120_20

[6] Aghajani J, Farnia P, Ayoubi S, Farnia P, Ghanavi J, Velayati AA (2020) Can animals like bats, pangolins, and ticks would be considered as long-term reservoirs of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Biomed Biotechnol Res J 4(5):3–12. 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_120_20

[7] Aljamali M, Sauer J, Essenberg R. RNA interference: applicability in tick research. Exp Appl Acarol. 2002;28:89–96. doi: 10.1023/a:1025346131903. - DOI - PubMed

[8] Aljamali M, Sauer J, Essenberg R. RNA interference: applicability in tick research. Exp Appl Acarol. 2002;28:89–96. doi: 10.1023/a:1025346131903. - DOI - PubMed

[9] Almazán C, Šimo L, Fourniol L, Rakotobe S, Borneres J, Cote M, Peltier S, Mayé J, Versillé N, Richardson J, Bonnet SI. Multiple antigenic peptide-based vaccines targeting Ixodes ricinus neuropeptides induce a specific antibody response but do not impact tick infestation. Pathogens. 2020;9:900. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9110900. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Almazán C, Šimo L, Fourniol L, Rakotobe S, Borneres J, Cote M, Peltier S, Mayé J, Versillé N, Richardson J, Bonnet SI. Multiple antigenic peptide-based vaccines targeting Ixodes ricinus neuropeptides induce a specific antibody response but do not impact tick infestation. Pathogens. 2020;9:900. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9110900. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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Prevention of tick-borne diseases: challenge to recent medicine

Affiliations

Prevention of tick-borne diseases: challenge to recent medicine

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