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Review
. 2022 May 3;14(9):1918.
doi: 10.3390/nu14091918.

Personalized Nutrition in the Management of Female Infertility: New Insights on Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation

Gemma Fabozzi  1   2 , Giulia Verdone  1 , Mariachiara Allori  1 , Danilo Cimadomo  2 , Carla Tatone  3 , Liborio Stuppia  4   5 , Marica Franzago  4   6 , Nicolò Ubaldi  7 , Alberto Vaiarelli  2 , Filippo Maria Ubaldi  2 , Laura Rienzi  2   8 , Gianluca Gennarelli  9
Affiliations
Review

Personalized Nutrition in the Management of Female Infertility: New Insights on Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation

Gemma Fabozzi et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Increasing evidence on the significance of nutrition in reproduction is emerging from both animal and human studies, suggesting a mutual association between nutrition and female fertility. Different "fertile" dietary patterns have been studied; however, in humans, conflicting results or weak correlations are often reported, probably because of the individual variations in genome, proteome, metabolome, and microbiome and the extent of exposure to different environmental conditions. In this scenario, "precision nutrition", namely personalized dietary patterns based on deep phenotyping and on metabolomics, microbiome, and nutrigenetics of each case, might be more efficient for infertile patients than applying a generic nutritional approach. In this review, we report on new insights into the nutritional management of infertile patients, discussing the main nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, and microbiomic aspects that should be investigated to achieve effective personalized nutritional interventions. Specifically, we will focus on the management of low-grade chronic inflammation, which is associated with several infertility-related diseases.

Keywords: chronic low-grade inflammation; epigenetics; infertility; microbiota; nutrigenetic; nutrigenomics; precision nutrition.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scheme of the main causative factors of chronic low-grade inflammation, a state that characterizes several infertility-related diseases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Personalized nutrition in the management of female infertility: practical examples of nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, microbiomics, and metabolomics aspects to consider. Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR); Fatty Acid Desaturase 1 (FADS 1); peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ); Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2); Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA); Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA).
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Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.
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