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Review
. 2019 Sep 11;1(1):24-32.
doi: 10.1016/j.smhs.2019.08.003. eCollection 2019 Dec.

High intensity interval training and molecular adaptive response of skeletal muscle

Ferenc Torma  1 , Zoltan Gombos  1 , Matyas Jokai  1 , Masaki Takeda  2 , Tatsuya Mimura  3 , Zsolt Radak  1
Affiliations
Review

High intensity interval training and molecular adaptive response of skeletal muscle

Ferenc Torma et al. Sports Med Health Sci. .

Abstract

Increased cardiovascular fitness, V ˙ O2max, is associated with enhanced endurance capacity and a decreased rate of mortality. High intensity interval training (HIIT) is one of the best methods to increase V ˙ O2max and endurance capacity for top athletes and for the general public as well. Because of the high intensity of this type of training, the adaptive response is not restricted to Type I fibers, as found for moderate intensity exercise of long duration. Even with a short exercise duration, HIIT can induce activation of AMPK, PGC-1α, SIRT1 and ROS pathway as well as by the modulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, leading to enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, and angiogenesis. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the adaptive response of HIIT.

Keywords: Cellular adaptation; High intensity interval training; Maximal oxygen uptake; Mitochondrial biogenesis; Molecular pathways; Redox signaling.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The energy demand of exercise with different intensities. Thesuggested energy cost of MICT, HIIT and SIT. The discrepancies of the results in various studies are due to the different energy costs of exercise training. Matched energy or power cost are required to valid evaluation.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Molecular adaptive response of skeletal muscle to HIIT. The suggested molecular pathways by which HIIT results in complex adaptive response to skeletal muscle.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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