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. 2022 Dec 16;14(1):213.
doi: 10.1186/s13102-022-00607-x.

Effects of aerobic exercise training in oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis markers on prefrontal cortex in obese mice

Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes  1 , Felipe J Aidar  2 , Anderson Apolônio da Silva Pedroza  3 , Severina Cássia de Andrade Silva  3 , Gabriela Carvalho Jurema Santos  4 , Rafael Dos Santos Henrique  5 , Filipe Manuel Clemente  6   7   8 , Ana Filipa Silva  6   8 , Raphael Fabrício de Souza  2 , Diorginis José Ferreira  9 , Georgian Badicu  10 , Claudia Lagranha  1   3 , Hadi Nobari  11   12   13
Affiliations

Effects of aerobic exercise training in oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis markers on prefrontal cortex in obese mice

Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes et al. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. .

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the effects of 8 weeks of Aerobic Physical Training (AET) on the mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative balance in the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) of leptin deficiency-induced obese mice (ob/ob mice).

Methods: Then, the mice were submitted to an 8-week protocol of aerobic physical training (AET) at moderate intensity (60% of the maximum running speed). In the oxidative stress, we analyzed Malonaldehyde (MDA) and Carbonyls, the enzymatic activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione S Transferase (GST), non-enzymatic antioxidant system: reduced glutathione (GSH), and Total thiols. Additionally, we evaluated the gene expression of PGC-1α SIRT-1, and ATP5A related to mitochondrial biogenesis and function.

Results: In our study, we did not observe a significant difference in MDA (p = 0.2855), Carbonyl's (p = 0.2246), SOD (p = 0.1595), and CAT (p = 0.6882) activity. However, the activity of GST (p = 0.04), the levels of GSH (p = 0.001), and Thiols (p = 0.02) were increased after 8 weeks of AET. Additionally, there were high levels of PGC-1α (p = 0.01), SIRT-1 (p = 0.009), and ATP5A (p = 0.01) gene expression after AET in comparison with the sedentary group.

Conclusions: AET for eight weeks can improve antioxidant defense and increase the expression of PGC-1α, SIRT-1, and ATP5A in PFC of ob/ob mice.

Keywords: Aerobic exercise; Brain; Mitochondria; Obesity; Oxidative stress; Physical exercise.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Oxidative stress biomarkers in the PFC of ob/ob mice after eight weeks of AET. A MDA levels, B Carbonyl levels, p = 0.2855 and p = 0.2246 respectively. Enzymatic antioxidant defense in the PFC of ob/ob mice after eight weeks of AET. C Superoxide dismutase—SOD activity, D Catalase—CAT activity and E Glutathione-S-transferase—GST activity, p = 0.1595, p = 0.6882 and *p = 0.01 respectively. Non-enzymatic antioxidant defense in the PFC of ob/ob mice after eight weeks of AET. F Reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, and G Total Thiols levels **p = 0.005; **p = 0.0016, respectively. Non-enzymatic antioxidant defense in the PFC of ob/ob mice after eight weeks of AET. A Reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, and B Total Thiols levels **p = 0.005; **p = 0.0016, respectively. Sedentary (n = 6) and Trained (n = 6)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Evaluation gene expression of ob/ob mice after eight weeks of AET in the PFC. A Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), B Sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) and C Adenosine tri phosphate synthase 5A gene (ATP5A). *p = 0.01; **p = 0.009 and *p = 0.02, respectively. Sedentary (n = 6) and T: trained (n = 6)
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