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Review
. 2022 Dec 22:13:1051082.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051082. eCollection 2022.

Systemic complications of rheumatoid arthritis: Focus on pathogenesis and treatment

Di Wu  1 , Yehao Luo  2 , Tong Li  1 , Xinyi Zhao  1 , Ting Lv  1 , Gang Fang  1 , Peiqi Ou  1 , Hongyi Li  1 , Xiaofan Luo  1 , An Huang  1 , Yuzhou Pang  1
Affiliations
Review

Systemic complications of rheumatoid arthritis: Focus on pathogenesis and treatment

Di Wu et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

As a systemic autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) usually causes damage not only to joints, but also to other tissues and organs including the heart, kidneys, lungs, digestive system, eyes, skin, and nervous system. Excessive complications are closely related to the prognosis of RA patients and even lead to increased mortality. This article summarizes the serious complications of RA, focusing on its incidence, pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment methods, aiming to provide a reference for clinicians to better manage the complications of RA.

Keywords: complications; incidence; prospects; rheumatoid arthritis; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The immune processes that occur in the joint synovium and synovial fluid, leading to the progress of bone erosion and cartilage degeneration.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The complications of RA are usually closely related to disease activity and inflammation levels.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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