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. 2023 Jan 20;18(1):e0278836.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278836. eCollection 2023.

Characterization of the external exposome and its contribution to the clinical respiratory and early biological effects in children: The PROMESA cohort study protocol

Diana Marín  1 , Luz Yaneth Orozco  1   2 , Diana María Narváez  3 , Isabel Cristina Ortiz-Trujillo  1 , Francisco José Molina  2 , Carlos Daniel Ramos  2 , Laura Rodriguez-Villamizar  4 , Shrikant I Bangdiwala  5   6 , Olga Morales  7   8 , Martha Cuellar  7   9 , Luis Jorge Hernández  10 , Enrique Antonio Henao  11 , Verónica Lopera  11 , Andrea Corredor  12 , María Victoria Toro  13 , Helena Groot  3 , Milena Villamil-Osorio  14 , Diego Alejandro Muñoz  15 , Roberto Carlos Hincapié  13 , Ferney Amaya  13 , Ana Isabel Oviedo  13 , Lucelly López  1 , Ricardo Morales-Betancourt  16 , Beatriz Elena Marín-Ochoa  17 , Oscar Eduardo Sánchez-García  13 , Juan Sebastián Marín  18 , José Miguel Abad  18 , Julio Cesar Toro  19 , Eliana Pinzón  20 , Juan José Builes  21 , Zulma Vanessa Rueda  1   22
Affiliations

Characterization of the external exposome and its contribution to the clinical respiratory and early biological effects in children: The PROMESA cohort study protocol

Diana Marín et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Air pollution contains a mixture of different pollutants from multiple sources. However, the interaction of these pollutants with other environmental exposures, as well as their harmful effects on children under five in tropical countries, is not well known.

Objective: This study aims to characterize the external exposome (ambient and indoor exposures) and its contribution to clinical respiratory and early biological effects in children.

Materials and methods: A cohort study will be conducted on children under five (n = 500) with a one-year follow-up. Enrolled children will be followed monthly (phone call) and at months 6 and 12 (in person) post-enrolment with upper and lower Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) examinations, asthma development, asthma control, and genotoxic damage. The asthma diagnosis will be pediatric pulmonologist-based and a standardized protocol will be used. Exposure, effect, and susceptibility biomarkers will be measured on buccal cells samples. For environmental exposures PM2.5 will be sampled, and questionnaires, geographic information, dispersion models and Land Use Regression models for PM2.5 and NO2 will be used. Different statistical methods that include Bayesian and machine learning techniques will be used for the ambient and indoor exposures-and outcomes. This study was approved by the ethics committee at Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana.

Expected study outcomes/findings: To estimate i) The toxic effect of particulate matter transcending the approach based on pollutant concentration levels; ii) The risk of developing an upper and lower ARI, based on different exposure windows; iii) A baseline of early biological damage in children under five, and describe its progression after a one-year follow-up; and iv) How physical and chemical PM2.5 characteristics influence toxicity and children's health.

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Conflict of interest statement

JCT is the owner and CEO of ATB SERVICE SAS. He does not have access to any children’s information and the Environmental information is transmitted in real time and the data will be public. JMA and SM are employed by the Healthcare Company, SURA. JJB is employed by GENES laboratory. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. The other authors do not have conflicts of interest to declare

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Map of study zones.
Bogota and Medellin are the two biggest cities in Colombia. The zone with a high concentration of pollutants is indicated in red circle and the zone of low concentration in blue circle. Source: USGS National Map Viewer (http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Publication types

Grants and funding

DM is the principal investigator. Grant number 121080763273, Contract 757-2018. This work was funded by the Colombian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (https://minciencias.gov.co/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. JMA and JSM, coinvestigators. Healthcare Company, SURA (https://www.epssura.com/). The funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors [JMA, JSM], but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.” JJB, coinvestigador. GENES laboratory (https://laboratoriogenes.com/). The funder provided support in the form of salary for author JJB, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific role of this author is articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.
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