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. 2023 Dec 31;253(Pt 2):126706.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126706. Epub 2023 Sep 7.

Co-administration of amoxicillin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and inulin: A novel strategy for mitigating antibiotic resistance and preserving microbiota balance in Helicobacter pylori treatment

Bahgat Fayed  1 , Jayalakshmi Jagal  2 , Roberta Cagliani  2 , Reena A Kedia  2 , Amr Elsherbeny  3 , Hulya Bayraktutan  3 , Ghalia Khoder  4 , Mohamed Haider  5
Affiliations

Co-administration of amoxicillin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and inulin: A novel strategy for mitigating antibiotic resistance and preserving microbiota balance in Helicobacter pylori treatment

Bahgat Fayed et al. Int J Biol Macromol. .

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a causative agent of various gastrointestinal diseases and eradication mainly relies on antibiotic treatment, with (AMX) being a key component. However, rising antibiotic resistance in H. pylori necessitates the use of antibiotics combination therapy, often disrupting gut microbiota equilibrium leading to further health complications. This study investigates a novel strategy utilizing AMX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (AMX-CS NPs), co-administered with prebiotic inulin to counteract H. pylori infection while preserving microbiota health. Following microbroth dilution method, AMX displayed efficacy against H. pylori, with a MIC50 of 48.34 ± 3.3 ng/mL, albeit with a detrimental impact on Lactobacillus casei (L. casei). The co-administration of inulin (500 μg/mL) with AMX restored L. casei viability while retaining the lethal effect on H. pylori. Encapsulation of AMX in CS-NPs via ionic gelation method, resulted in particles of 157.8 ± 3.85 nm in size and an entrapment efficiency (EE) of 86.44 ± 2.19 %. Moreover, AMX-CS NPs showed a sustained drug release pattern over 72 h with no detectable toxicity on human dermal fibroblasts cell lines. Encapsulation of AMX into CS NPs also reduced its MIC50 against H. pylori, while its co-administration with inulin maintained L. casei viability. Interestingly, treatment with AMX-CS NPs also reduced the expression of the efflux pump gene hefA in H. pylori. This dual treatment strategy offers a promising approach for more selective antimicrobial treatment, minimizing disruption to healthy microbial communities while effectively addressing pathogenic threats.

Keywords: Amoxicillin; Antibiotic resistance; Chitosan nanoparticles; H. pylori; Inulin; L. casei; hefA.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article.

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