Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Nov 14;28(22):7588.
doi: 10.3390/molecules28227588.

Emerging Role of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds as Therapeutics in Parkinson's Disease

Nitu Kumari  1 , Santosh Anand  1 , Kamal Shah  2 , Nagendra Singh Chauhan  3 , Neeraj K Sethiya  4 , Manmohan Singhal  4
Affiliations
Review

Emerging Role of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds as Therapeutics in Parkinson's Disease

Nitu Kumari et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Neurological ailments, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), epilepsy, Parkinson's disease (PD), and other related diseases, have affected around 1 billion people globally to date. PD stands second among the common neurodegenerative diseases caused as a result of dopaminergic neuron loss in the midbrain's substantia nigra regions. It affects cognitive and motor activities, resulting in tremors during rest, slow movement, and muscle stiffness. There are various traditional approaches for the management of PD, but they provide only symptomatic relief. Thus, a survey for finding new biomolecules or substances exhibiting the therapeutic potential to patients with PD is the main focus of present-day research. Medicinal plants, herbal formulations, and natural bioactive molecules have been gaining much more attention in recent years as synthetic molecules orchestrate a number of undesired effects. Several in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies in the recent past have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants, herbal formulations, and plant-based bioactives. Among the plant-based bioactives, polyphenols, terpenes, and alkaloids are of particular interest due to their potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and brain-health-promoting properties. Further, there are no concise, elaborated articles comprising updated mechanism-of-action-based reviews of the published literature on potent, recently investigated (2019-2023) medicinal plants, herbal formulations, and plant based-bioactive molecules, including polyphenols, terpenes, and alkaloids, as a method for the management of PD. Therefore, we designed the current review to provide an illustration of the efficacious role of various medicinal plants, herbal formulations, and bioactives (polyphenols, terpenes, and alkaloids) that can become potential therapeutics against PD with greater specificity, target approachability, bioavailability, and safety to the host. This information can be further utilized in the future to develop several value-added formulations and nutraceutical products to achieve the desired safety and efficacy for the management of PD.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; antiparkinsonian; neuroprotection; phenolic acids; phytocompounds.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The diverse nature of various motor and non-motor symptoms affecting Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients (adapted from [24,27]).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Toxicological model for pharmacological screening of investigated molecules against PD [31,32].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Different types of flavonoids.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) Phenolic acids—hydroxycinnamic acid. (B) Phenolic acids—hydroxybenzoic acid.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) Phenolic acids—hydroxycinnamic acid. (B) Phenolic acids—hydroxybenzoic acid.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Natural stilbene—resveratrol.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Curcumin.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Structures of various terpenes.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Zingerone.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Bassett D.S., Gazzaniga M.S. Understanding complexity in the human brain. Trends Cogn. Sci. 2011;15:200–209. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2011.03.006. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Colom R., Karama S., Jung R.E., Haier R.J. Human intelligence and brain networks. Dialogues Clin. Neurosci. 2010;12:489–501. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2010.12.4/rcolom. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Salim S. Oxidative Stress and the Central Nervous System. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2017;360:201–205. doi: 10.1124/jpet.116.237503. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Singh A., Kukreti R., Saso L., Kukreti S. Oxidative Stress: A Key Modulator in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules. 2019;24:1583. doi: 10.3390/molecules24081583. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Vasic V., Barth K., Schmidt M.H.H. Neurodegeneration and Neuro-Regeneration-Alzheimer’s Disease and Stem Cell Therapy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019;20:4272. doi: 10.3390/ijms20174272. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.
-