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. 2023 Sep-Oct;13(5):531-540.
doi: 10.22038/AJP.2023.21914.

Protective effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Zataria multiflora on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in rat liver

Zohreh Arab  1 , Hossein Salmani  2 , Narges Marefati  3 , Farimah Beheshti  4   5 , Akbar Anaeigoudari  6 , Farzaneh Shakeri  7   8 , Narges Tajmazinani  9 , Mahmoud Hosseini  10
Affiliations

Protective effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Zataria multiflora on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in rat liver

Zohreh Arab et al. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2023 Sep-Oct.

Abstract

Objective: Liver is an important player in regulation of body homeostasis. Study investigated the effects of hydro-alcohol extract of Zataria multiflora (ZM) on oxidative damage, level of IL-6 and enzymes of liver in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats.

Materials and methods: The rats were distributed into 5 groups: 1) Control; 2) LPS; and 3-5) ZM-Extract (Ext) 50, ZM-Ext 100, and ZM-Ext 200. ZM-Ext groups received 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of extract 30 min before LPS. Drugs were injected intraperitoneally. The entire period of this project was 17 days. In first three days, only extract was injected and then, ZM was injected along with LPS.

Results: LPS increased the level of ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase ), ALK-P (Alkaline Phosphatase), IL-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and lowered thiol, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) concentration. ZM extract not only reduced ALT, AST, ALK-P, IL-6, MDA, and NO metabolites concentrations but also increased thiol content, and SOD and CAT levels.

Conclusion: Extract of ZM prevented LPS-induced hepatotoxicity. This protective effect was associated with reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress.

Keywords: Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharide; Liver enzyme; Oxidative stress; Zataria multiflora.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The results of IL-6 (A) and NO metabolites (B) in the liver tissue. The results are illustrated as Mean±SEM. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data and post hoc Turkey test to compare the groups. LPS increased the level of IL-6 and NO metabolites versus the control group. Extract reversed the effect of LPS. ***p<0.001 compared to the control group, ++p<0.01 and +++p<0.001compared to the LPS group, $$$p<0.001compared to the ZM-Ext 50 group
Figure 2
Figure 2
The results of MDA (A) and total thiol (B) in the liver tissue. The results are illustrated as Mean±SEM. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data and post hoc Turkey test to compare groups. LPS increased the level of MDA and decreased total thiol in comparison with the control group. Extract reversed the effect of LPS. ***p<0.001compared to the control group, ++p<0.01 and +++p<0.001compared to the LPS group, $$$p<0.001compared to the ZM-Ext 50 group, &p<0.05compared to the ZM-Ext 100 group
Figure 3
Figure 3
The results of SOD (A) and CAT (B) in the liver tissue. The results are illustrated as Mean±SEM. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data and post hoc Turkey test to compare groups. LPS reduced the concentration of SOD and CAT in comparison with the control group. Extract increased concentration of SOD and CAT compared to the LPS group. **p<0.01 compared to the control group, +p<0.05 compared to the LPS group
Figure 4
Figure 4
The results of AST (A), ALT (B) and ALK-P (C) in the serum. The results are illustrated as Mean±SEM. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data and post hoc Turkey test to compare the groups. LPS enhanced the blood concentration of AST, ALT and ALK-P in comparison with the control group. Extract diminished serum concentration of AST and ALT and ALK-P compared to the LPS group. **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001 compared to the control group, +p<0.05, ++p<0.01 and +++p<0.001 compared to the LPS group, $p<0.05 and $$p<0.01 compared to the ZM-Ext 50 group, &p<0.05 compared to the ZM-Ext 100 group
Figure 5
Figure 5
The results of total protein (A) and albumin (B) in the serum. The results are illustrated as Mean±SEM. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data and post hoc Turkey test to compare the groups. LPS reduced the blood concentration of total protein and albumin in comparison with the control group. Extract increased serum concentration of total protein and albumin compared to the LPS group. *p<0.05 and **p<0.01compared to the control group, ++p<0.01 and +++p<0.001 compared to the LPS group. $$$p<0.001compared to the ZM-Ext 50 group, &p<0.05 compared to the ZM-Ext 100 group
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