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. 2024 Apr 3;13(7):1021.
doi: 10.3390/plants13071021.

Antidiabetic Properties of the Root Extracts of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and Burdock (Arctium lappa)

Daria Zolotova  1 , Renāte Teterovska  1   2 , Dace Bandere  1   3 , Liga Lauberte  4 , Santa Niedra  4
Affiliations

Antidiabetic Properties of the Root Extracts of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and Burdock (Arctium lappa)

Daria Zolotova et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Several preclinical studies suggest the potential of edible plants in controlling blood sugar levels and stabilizing diet. The goals of the study were to examine, analyze, and describe whether there are chemical compounds in dandelion and burdock roots that could have antidiabetic properties. The 70% ethyl alcohol and lyophilizate extracts (AE and LE, respectively), were used, and analyses were carried out on their total polysaccharide (TP), total phenolic content (TPC), tannin, and inulin. The antioxidant activity of extracts was determined using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, and hypoglycemic properties were based on α-amylase activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for the tentative identification of the chemical components. Qualitative techniques confirmed the presence of inulin in both roots. Analysis of TPC, tannin content, DPPH assay, and α-amylase activity revealed higher values for burdock compared to dandelion. However, dandelion exhibited higher TP content. Burdock contained a small amount of tannin, whereas the tannin content in dandelion was insignificant. All LE consistently exhibited higher values in all analyses and assays for all roots compared to AE. Despite burdock root showing overall better results, it is uncertain whether these plants can be recommended as antidiabetic agents without in vivo studies.

Keywords: antioxidant; burdock; dandelion; diabetes mellitus; hypoglycemic properties; inulin; tannin; total phenolic content; total polysaccharide.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Total tannin content in dried plant extract, % (±SE). Seventy percent ethyl alcohol extract (AE), and lyophilizate extracts (LE). Burdock from “Viļani” (BV), burdock from “Būdiņas” (BB), dandelion from “Kaļķis” (DK), and dandelion from “Vecpiebalga” (DV).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Total polysaccharide content (TP) in terms of fructose, % (± SE).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Standard curve of the Trolox.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Standard curve of the acarbose.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Preparation of ethyl alcohol and lyophilizate extracts.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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