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. 2024 Jul;103(7):103843.
doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103843. Epub 2024 May 14.

Residue, distribution and depletion of fluralaner in egg following a single intravenous and transdermal administration in healthy shaver hens: fluralaner residue in egg

Hiroko Enomoto  1 , Baxter A Elliot  2 , Olivia A Petritz  3 , Rocio Crespo  2 , James Yeatts  2 , Farha Ferdous Sheela  2 , Isabel Fricke  2 , Abby Singleton  2 , Andrea Thomson  3 , Ronald E Baynes  4
Affiliations

Residue, distribution and depletion of fluralaner in egg following a single intravenous and transdermal administration in healthy shaver hens: fluralaner residue in egg

Hiroko Enomoto et al. Poult Sci. 2024 Jul.

Abstract

The demand for the use of fluralaner in an extra label manner is increasing due to lack of efficacious treatment to combat mites and bed bugs in the poultry industry in the United States. Fluralaner residue data in eggs is lacking and residues might cause risks to human health. The present study aimed to determine the depletion profiles of fluralaner in eggs and estimate the drug withdrawal interval in whole eggs by adopting the US Food and Drug administration tolerance limit method with single intravenous (0.5 mg/kg) or transdermal administration (average 58.7 mg/kg) in healthy shaver hens. Hens were treated intravenously or trans-dermally with fluralaner. The eggs were collected daily for 28 d for intravenous treated and for 40 d from the transdermal route group. Fluralaner concentrations in yolk and albumen were determined by mass spectrometry. The greater percentage of fluralaner was observed in yolk when compared to the albumen for both administration routes. Noncompartmental analysis was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters in yolk, albumen and whole egg. The longest apparent half-life confirmed in yolk was 3.7 d for intravenous and 14.3 d for the transdermal route. The withdrawal intervals in whole egg for fluralaner following the intravenous and transdermal administration were 7 d and 81 d, respectively, with maximum residue limits (1.3 µg/g) at 13 d and 171 d, respectively, based on the limit of quantification (0.4 µg/g) from the analytical assay reported by EMA and APVMA.

Keywords: UPLC/MS/MS; drug withdrawal interval; egg; fluralaner; residue.

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Conflict of interest statement

DISCLOSURES The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Fluralaner concentration in each egg component (average ± standard deviation, µg/g) vs. time (day) curve following a single intravenous administration (0.5 mg/kg) or transdermal administration (average 58.7 mg/kg) in healthy shaver hens. Samples above the limit of quantification (0.005 µg/g) were included in this data. (A) albumen; (B) yolk.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Fluralaner concentration in whole egg (average ± standard deviation, µg/g) vs time (day) curve following a single intravenous administration (0.5 mg/kg) or transdermal administration (average 58.7 mg/kg) in healthy shaver hens. Samples above the limit of quantification (0.005 µg/g) were included in this data. The dotted line represents the maximum residue limit (MRL, 1.3 µg/g) established by the European Medicine Agency and Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The whole egg withdrawal interval of fluralaner based on tolerance level of (A) 1.3 ug/g and (B) 0.4 µg/g following a single intravenous dose of 0.5 mg/kg in healthy shaver hens.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The whole egg withdrawal interval of fluralaner based on tolerance level of (A) 1.3 ug/g and (B) 0.4 µg/g following a single transdermal dose of 58.7 mg/kg (50.3–63.2 mg/kg) in healthy shaver hens.
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