Long-COVID-19 Impact in non-hospitalized patients: Sleep and quality of life 24 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection
- PMID: 38827662
- PMCID: PMC11141957
- DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1610_23
Long-COVID-19 Impact in non-hospitalized patients: Sleep and quality of life 24 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Abstract
Background and aims: Sleep disruption and reduced quality of life are common long coronavirus disease (COVID) manifestations, affecting survivors irrespective of initial COVID-19 severity. Limited research investigates symptoms beyond 24 months post-infection. We aimed to address this gap by longitudinally studying sleep patterns and overall quality of life in non-hospitalized adults, 24 months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Methods: This prospective observational study involved the enrolment of 337 adult non-hospitalized patients in a consecutive fashion. Individuals with past COVID-19 (from 15 April 2020 to 30 June 2021) were examined at two Government hospitals and completed a telephone interview between 1 May 2023 and 30 June 2023, located in Jharkhand, India. Participants were queried about their sleep patterns and quality of life, utilizing the DSM5 LEVEL 2 and EQ-ED-5L tool, respectively.
Results: Among 337 non-hospitalized participants, 212 completed the survey. Within this group (59.4% men, mean age 38), 36 (17.0%) experienced sleep impairment. All five dimensions of quality of life (QoL) were adversely affected in long COVID patients. Advanced age, high income, residing in rural or semi-urban areas, and having comorbidities were associated with a higher likelihood of decreased quality of life across various domains. Conversely, participants who were married, employed in healthcare or government positions, and vaccinated exhibited a reduced likelihood of experiencing lower quality of life.
Conclusion: Long COVID-19 affects sleep and quality of life, with various demographic and clinical factors influencing outcomes. This study provides insights into the extended consequences of long COVID-19 and aids healthcare systems in addressing the challenges posed by this condition.
Keywords: Long-COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 infection; non-hospitalized patients; quality of life; sleep.
Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.
Conflict of interest statement
There are no conflicts of interest.
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