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. 2024 Jun 24:12:e17584.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17584. eCollection 2024.

Unraveling the complexities of drought stress in cotton: a multifaceted analysis of selection criteria and breeding approaches

Hatice Kübra Gören  1 , Uğur Tan  1
Affiliations

Unraveling the complexities of drought stress in cotton: a multifaceted analysis of selection criteria and breeding approaches

Hatice Kübra Gören et al. PeerJ. .

Abstract

Abiotic stress tolerance breeding programs present a spectrum of perspectives, yet definitive solutions remain elusive, with each approach carrying its own set of advantages and disadvantages. This study systematically evaluates extant methodologies, comparing plant performance across varied genotypes and selection traits under optimal and stress conditions. The objective is to elucidate prevailing ambiguities. Ten homozygous lines (F8 generation) were assessed using a randomized block design alongside five control varieties, with four replicates cultivated under well-watered and deficit water conditions. It is noteworthy that six of the ten homozygous lines were cultivated exclusively under well-watered conditions (F3 to F7), while four lines experienced deficit water conditions (F3 to F7). All five control varieties underwent cultivation under both conditions. These findings underscore the necessity for tailored breeding programs attuned to specific environmental exigencies, recognizing that individual traits manifest divergent responses to varying conditions. It is evident that certain traits exhibit marked disparities under well-watered conditions, while others evince heightened differentiation under water deficit conditions. Significantly, our analysis reveals a pronounced interaction between irrigation regimes and selection traits, which serves to underscore the nuanced interplay between genotype and environmental stress.

Keywords: Cluster analysis; Cotton; Drought stress; Selection criteria.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The breeding process for drought-resistant plants is demonstrated in this flowchart.
Figure 2
Figure 2. ANOM-decision chart with decision limits for boll weight (A) and fiber strenght (B) across drought stress and well water (alpha > 0.05%).
It provides a graphical test for simultaneously comparing the mean performance of these cotton genotypes across drought stress and well water. Red-colored heads represent significant deviation from the mean, either above upper decision level (UDL) or below lower decision level (LDL).
Figure 3
Figure 3. Hierarchical clustering of cotton genotypes for agronomic and fiber-related traits under drought stress (DS) (A) and well water(NS) (B) conditions.
LTNS lines were bred at 100% and LTDS lines were bred at 50%.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Means comparison and histograms of homozygous lines grown under well-watered and deficit irrigation conditions using pairwise comparison analyses and t-test method with a probability level of 0.05.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Correlation coefficients between yield and yield components of cotton under water deficit (A) and well-watered (B) conditions.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Summary of bar chart displaying eigenvalue and variation percentage contribution by all principal components (PCs), a biplot between PC1 and PC2 displaying the distribution of 10 lines and five check cotton genotypes under deficit irrigation (A) and well-watered irrigation (B) condition for F8 generation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Grants and funding

This research was conducted with no external funding. All expenses related to this study were covered by the authors themselves, and no specific funding was received for the design, execution, analysis, interpretation of results, or writing of this manuscript.

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