The substantia nigra is a major target for neurovirulent influenza A virus
- PMID: 7760004
- PMCID: PMC2192055
- DOI: 10.1084/jem.181.6.2161
The substantia nigra is a major target for neurovirulent influenza A virus
Abstract
Clinical and immunohistochemical studies were done for 3-39 d on mice after intracerebral inoculation with the neurovirulent A/WSN/33 (H1N1; WSN) strain of influenza A virus, the nonneurovirulent A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2; Aichi) strain, and two reassortant viruses between them. The virus strains with the WSN gene segment coding for neuraminidase induced meningoencephalitis in mice. The mice inoculated with the R96 strain, which has only the neuraminidase gene from the WSN strain, had mild symptoms and weak positive immunostaining to the anti-WSN antibody in meningeal regions. Both the WSN and R404BP strains, which contain the WSN gene segments coding for neuraminidase and matrix protein, were clearly neurovirulent both clinically and pathologically. On day 3 after inoculation with either of these two strains, WSN antigen was detected in meningeal and ependymal areas, neurons of circumventricular regions, the cerebral and cerebellar cortices, the substantia nigra zona compacta, and the ventral tegmental area. On day 7, meningeal reactions and neuronal staining were still seen, and advanced accumulation of the viral antigen was evident in the substantia nigra zona compacta and hippocampus. Double immunostaining demonstrated that the WSN antigen was only seen in neurons and not in microglia or reactive astrocytes. Immunostaining for the lectin maackia amurensis agglutinin, which recognizes the Neu5Ac alpha 2,3 Gal sequence, which serves as a binding site for influenza A virus on target cell membranes, showed that positive staining was localized in the ventral substantia nigra and hippocampus. These results suggest that neurovirulent influenza A viruses could be one of the causative agents for postencephalitic parkinsonism.
Similar articles
-
[Neurovirulence of influenza virus in mice].Nihon Rinsho. 1997 Oct;55(10):2693-8. Nihon Rinsho. 1997. PMID: 9360393 Review. Japanese.
-
Heterologous protection of mice from a lethal human H1N1 influenza A virus infection by H3N8 equine defective interfering virus: comparison of defective RNA sequences isolated from the DI inoculum and mouse lung.Virology. 1998 Sep 1;248(2):241-53. doi: 10.1006/viro.1998.9267. Virology. 1998. PMID: 9721233
-
[Influenza encephalopathy and encephalitis].No To Hattatsu. 2000 Mar;32(2):142-7. No To Hattatsu. 2000. PMID: 10723190 Review. Japanese.
-
Changes in the neuraminidase of neurovirulent influenza virus strains.Virus Genes. 1995;10(3):253-60. doi: 10.1007/BF01701815. Virus Genes. 1995. PMID: 8560787
-
Invasion of brain by neurovirulent influenza A virus after intranasal inoculation.Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 1996 Oct;2(4):187-93. doi: 10.1016/s1353-8020(96)00024-7. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 1996. PMID: 18591039
Cited by
-
The neuropathogenesis of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses in mammalian species including humans.Trends Neurosci. 2023 Nov;46(11):953-970. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.08.002. Epub 2023 Sep 6. Trends Neurosci. 2023. PMID: 37684136 Review.
-
Advances in viral encephalitis: Viral transmission, host immunity, and experimental animal models.Zool Res. 2023 May 18;44(3):525-542. doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.025. Zool Res. 2023. PMID: 37073800 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Adamantanes for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the presence of SARS-CoV-2.Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 3;17:1128157. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1128157. eCollection 2023. Front Neurosci. 2023. PMID: 36968489 Free PMC article. Review.
-
In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of H5N8 High-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Neurotropism in Ducks and Chickens.Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Feb 14;11(1):e0422922. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.04229-22. Epub 2023 Jan 10. Microbiol Spectr. 2023. PMID: 36625654 Free PMC article.
-
Viruses, parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease: the past, present and future.J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2022 Sep;129(9):1119-1132. doi: 10.1007/s00702-022-02536-y. Epub 2022 Aug 29. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2022. PMID: 36036863 Free PMC article. Review.