The learning of categories: parallel brain systems for item memory and category knowledge
- PMID: 8259522
- DOI: 10.1126/science.8259522
The learning of categories: parallel brain systems for item memory and category knowledge
Abstract
A fundamental question about cognition concerns how knowledge about a category is acquired through encounters with examples of the category. Amnesic patients and control subjects performed similarly at classifying novel patterns according to whether they belonged to the same category as a set of training patterns. In contrast, the amnesic patients were impaired at recognizing which dot patterns had been presented for training. Category learning appears to be independent of declarative (explicit) memory for training instances and independent of the brain structures essential for declarative memory that are damaged in amnesia. Knowledge about categories can be acquired implicitly by cumulating information from multiple examples.
Similar articles
-
Learning strategies in amnesia.Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008;32(2):292-310. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.07.005. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008. PMID: 17854893 Review.
-
Impaired verbal category learning in amnesia.Behav Neurosci. 2000 Oct;114(5):907-11. Behav Neurosci. 2000. PMID: 11085604
-
Learning about categories that are defined by object-like stimuli despite impaired declarative memory.Behav Neurosci. 1999 Jun;113(3):411-9. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.113.3.411. Behav Neurosci. 1999. PMID: 10443769
-
Episodic memory, semantic memory, and amnesia.Hippocampus. 1998;8(3):205-11. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1998)8:3<205::AID-HIPO3>3.0.CO;2-I. Hippocampus. 1998. PMID: 9662135 Review.
-
Learning about categories in the absence of memory.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19;92(26):12470-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.26.12470. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995. PMID: 8618923 Free PMC article.
Cited by
-
Post-training flexibility in category learning.Psychon Bull Rev. 2024 Feb 5. doi: 10.3758/s13423-023-02451-7. Online ahead of print. Psychon Bull Rev. 2024. PMID: 38315277
-
Distinguishing examples while building concepts in hippocampal and artificial networks.Nat Commun. 2024 Jan 20;15(1):647. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-44877-0. Nat Commun. 2024. PMID: 38245502 Free PMC article.
-
A neural network model of hippocampal contributions to category learning.Elife. 2023 Dec 11;12:e77185. doi: 10.7554/eLife.77185. Elife. 2023. PMID: 38079351 Free PMC article.
-
Instance theory predicts categorization decisions in the absence of categorical structure: A computational analysis of artificial grammar learning without a grammar.Mem Cognit. 2024 Jan;52(1):132-145. doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01449-9. Epub 2023 Aug 11. Mem Cognit. 2024. PMID: 37568044
-
How do we generalize?Neuron Behav Data Anal Theory. 2021 Aug 30;1:001c.27687. doi: 10.51628/001c.27687. Neuron Behav Data Anal Theory. 2021. PMID: 36282996 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical