Diabetes mellitus due to viruses--some recent developments
- PMID: 8405735
- DOI: 10.1007/BF00401138
Diabetes mellitus due to viruses--some recent developments
Abstract
Many different viruses belonging to several genera have the potential to damage beta cells. The mechanisms they employ are varied, and infection may result in either a direct destruction of islets and rapid insulin deficiency, or in a more gradual loss of functioning islets with the onset of diabetes many years later. Several case histories involving extensive cytolysis of beta cells can be directly linked to viral infection, whilst an example of diabetes occurring many years after viral infection is found in individuals who had a congenital infection with rubella virus. Here, the virus induces an autoimmune reaction against beta cells. Autoimmune phenomena have also been observed in islets following infections with viruses other than rubella, and thus activation of autoimmune mechanisms leading to beta-cell destruction may be a relatively frequent occurrence. Recent evidence shows that picornaviruses are not exclusively lytic, and can induce more subtle, long-term changes in beta cells, which may be important in the aetiology of diabetes. The exact mechanisms involved are not known, but it is clear that several viruses can directly inhibit insulin synthesis and induce the expression of other proteins such as interferons, and the HLA antigens. Strain differences in viruses are important since not all variants are tropic for the beta cells. Several laboratories are in the process of identifying the genetic determinants of tropism and diabetogenicity, especially amongst the Coxsackie B (CB) virus group. The sequence of one such diabetogenic CB4 strain virus has been determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Comment in
-
Diabetes mellitus due to viruses--some recent developments.Diabetologia. 1994 Feb;37(2):222. doi: 10.1007/BF03036314. Diabetologia. 1994. PMID: 8192791 No abstract available.
Similar articles
-
Viral diabetes mellitus in man and experimental animals.Am J Med. 1981 Jan;70(1):127-34. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(81)90419-8. Am J Med. 1981. PMID: 6257111
-
Possible mechanisms in the pathogenesis of virus-induced diabetes mellitus.Clin Invest Med. 1987 Sep;10(5):450-6. Clin Invest Med. 1987. PMID: 2824113 Review.
-
Does insulin dependent diabetes mellitus have a viral etiology?Hum Pathol. 1979 May;10(3):267-78. doi: 10.1016/s0046-8177(79)80024-6. Hum Pathol. 1979. PMID: 223962 Review.
-
The etiology of diabetes mellitus.N Engl J Med. 1979 May 24;300(21):1211-3. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197905243002109. N Engl J Med. 1979. PMID: 219346 No abstract available.
-
Virus-induced diabetes mellitus. XV. Beta cell damage and insulin-dependent hyperglycemia in mice infected with coxsackie virus B4.J Exp Med. 1978 Oct 1;148(4):1068-80. doi: 10.1084/jem.148.4.1068. J Exp Med. 1978. PMID: 212506 Free PMC article.
Cited by
-
Animal models for induction of diabetes and its complications.J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2023 Aug 29;22(2):1021-1028. doi: 10.1007/s40200-023-01277-3. eCollection 2023 Dec. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2023. PMID: 37975101 Review.
-
P1 Glutamine isosteres in the design of inhibitors of 3C/3CL protease of human viruses of the Pisoniviricetes class.RSC Chem Biol. 2023 Jun 21;4(8):533-547. doi: 10.1039/d3cb00075c. eCollection 2023 Aug 3. RSC Chem Biol. 2023. PMID: 37547456 Free PMC article. Review.
-
A Bittersweet Response to Infection in Diabetes; Targeting Neutrophils to Modify Inflammation and Improve Host Immunity.Front Immunol. 2021 Jun 3;12:678771. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678771. eCollection 2021. Front Immunol. 2021. PMID: 34149714 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with acute kidney injury and diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by pancreatitis in a 53-year man with hypertension.Clin Case Rep. 2021 Jan 7;9(3):1202-1206. doi: 10.1002/ccr3.3731. eCollection 2021 Mar. Clin Case Rep. 2021. PMID: 33768811 Free PMC article.
-
On type 1 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis.Endocr Connect. 2018 Jan;7(1):R38-R46. doi: 10.1530/EC-17-0347. Epub 2017 Nov 30. Endocr Connect. 2018. PMID: 29191919 Free PMC article. Review.
References
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Research Materials