Evolutionary relationships of human populations on a global scale
- PMID: 8412653
- DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040059
Evolutionary relationships of human populations on a global scale
Abstract
Using gene frequency data for 29 polymorphic loci (121 alleles), we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of 26 representative populations from around the world by using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method. We also conducted a separate analysis of 15 populations by using data for 33 polymorphic loci. These analyses have shown that the first major split of the phylogenetic tree separates Africans from non-Africans and that this split occurs with a 100% bootstrap probability. The second split separates Caucasian populations from all other non-African populations, and this split is also supported by bootstrap tests. The third major split occurs between Native American populations and the Greater Asians that include East Asians (mongoloids), Pacific Islanders, and Australopapuans (native Australians and Papua New Guineans), but Australopapuans are genetically quite different from the rest of the Greater Asians. The second and third levels of population splitting are quite different from those of the phylogenetic tree obtained by Cavalli-Sforza et al. (1988), where Caucasians, Northeast Asians, and Ameridians from the Northeurasian supercluster and the rest of non-Africans form the Southeast Asian supercluster. One of the major factors that caused the difference between the two trees is that Cavalli-Sforza et al. used unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) in phylogenetic inference, whereas we used the NJ method in which evolutionary rate is allowed to vary among different populations. Bootstrap tests have shown that the UPGMA tree receives poor statistical support whereas the NJ tree is well supported. Implications that the phylogenetic tree obtained has on the current controversy over the out-of-Africa and the multiregional theories of human origins are discussed.
Similar articles
-
Improved analyses of human mtDNA sequences support a recent African origin for Homo sapiens.Mol Biol Evol. 1995 Sep;12(5):863-82. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040263. Mol Biol Evol. 1995. PMID: 7476132
-
A novel measure of genetic distance for highly polymorphic tandem repeat loci.Mol Biol Evol. 1995 Sep;12(5):914-20. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040268. Mol Biol Evol. 1995. PMID: 7476137
-
Comparison of 79 DNA polymorphisms tested in Australians, Japanese and Papua New Guineans with those of five other human populations.Gene Geogr. 1994 Dec;8(3):191-214. Gene Geogr. 1994. PMID: 7662611
-
Human evolution. A new molecular view of human origins.Curr Biol. 1994 Jul 1;4(7):651-2. doi: 10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00145-7. Curr Biol. 1994. PMID: 7953547 Review.
-
Molecular phylogeny of plethodonine salamanders and hylid frogs: statistical analysis of protein comparisons.Mol Biol Evol. 1991 Nov;8(6):796-818. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040691. Mol Biol Evol. 1991. PMID: 1775066 Review.
Cited by
-
Prevalence of CCR5 Delta 32 Genetic Variant in the Turkmen Population of Golestan Province, Northeast of Iran.Biomed Res Int. 2023 Jun 21;2023:8823863. doi: 10.1155/2023/8823863. eCollection 2023. Biomed Res Int. 2023. PMID: 37388364 Free PMC article.
-
The Genetic Echo of the Tarim Mummies in Modern Central Asians.Mol Biol Evol. 2022 Sep 1;39(9):msac179. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msac179. Mol Biol Evol. 2022. PMID: 36006373 Free PMC article.
-
The Eskimo-Aleut Dentition: Crown and Root Morphology.Acta Stomatol Croat. 2020 Jun;54(2):194-207. doi: 10.15644/asc54/2/10. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2020. PMID: 32801379 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The Y-chromosome of the Soliga, an ancient forest-dwelling tribe of South India.Gene X. 2020 Jan 13;5:100026. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.100026. eCollection 2020 Dec. Gene X. 2020. PMID: 32550553 Free PMC article.
-
Abundance of ethnically biased microsatellites in human gene regions.PLoS One. 2019 Dec 12;14(12):e0225216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225216. eCollection 2019. PLoS One. 2019. PMID: 31830051 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources