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PURPOSE: To test the feasibility of noninvasive magnetic resonance (MR) imaging–guided focused ultrasound surgery (FUS) of benign fibroadenomas in the breast.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven fibroadenomas in nine patients under local anesthesia were treated with MR imaging-guided FUS. Based on a T2-weighted definition of target volumes, sequential sonications were delivered to treat the entire target. Temperature-sensitive phase-difference–based MR imaging was performed during each sonication to monitor focus localization and tissue temperature changes. After the procedure, T2-weighted and contrast material–enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging were performed to evaluate immediate and long-term effects.

RESULTS: Thermal imaging sequences were improved over the treatment period, with 82% (279 of 342) of the hot spots visible in the last seven treatments. The MR imager was …