The application of electrical stimulation mapping (ESM) of the brain for clinical use is
approximating a century. Despite this long-standing history, the value of ESM for guiding …

In patients with pharmaco-resistant focal epilepsies investigated with intracranial
electroencephalography (iEEG), direct electrical stimulations of a cortical region induce …

Patients with medically-refractory focal epilepsy may be candidates for neurosurgery and
some may require placement of intracranial EEG electrodes to localise seizure onset …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) to the subcallosal cingulate cortex (SCC) is an emerging
therapy for treatment resistant depression. Precision targeting of specific white matter fibers …

Electrocortical stimulation (ECS) mapping is routinely used to identify critical language sites
before resective neurosurgery. The precise locations of these sites are highly variable …

Background The connection between the ventrolateral frontal and temporoparietal cortices
has an important role in language function on the language-dominant side and spatial …

Invasive electrical brain stimulation has been increasingly used to treat an ever wide range
of neuropsychiatric disorders from Parkinson's disease to epilepsy and depression. In …