Vaccinology is shifting toward synthetic RNA platforms which allow for rapid, scalable, and
cell-free manufacturing of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. The simple development …

Alphaviruses are positive-strand RNA viruses that can mediate efficient cytoplasmic gene
expression in insect and vertebrate cells. Through recombinant DNA technology, the …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease leads to impaired B cell and antibody
responses through mechanisms that remain poorly defined. A unique memory B cell …

A replicon vaccine vector system was developed from an attenuated strain of Venezuelan
equine encephalitis virus (VEE). The replicon RNA consists of thecis-acting 5′ and 3 …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) enter target
cells by forming a complex between the viral envelope protein and two cell-surface …

Recombinant nucleic acids are considered as promising next-generation vaccines. These
vaccines express the native antigen upon delivery into tissue, thus mimicking live attenuated …

The first scientific attempts to control an infectious disease can be attributed to Edward
Jenner, who, in 1796 inoculated an 8-year-old boy with cowpox (vaccinia), giving the boy …

Alphavirus replicon particle-based vaccine vectors derived from Sindbis virus (SIN), Semliki
Forest virus, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) have been shown to induce …

Twenty years after the discovery of HIV, there is still no vaccine. This year, an envelope
vaccine aimed at stimulating neutralizing antibodies was unable to protect against infection …

RNA replicons derived from an attenuated strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
(VEE), an alphavirus, were configured as candidate vaccines for Ebola hemorrhagic fever …