MeSH

A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.

A subfamily of ligand-gated ion channel receptors that share a characteristic loop which is formed by a disulfide bond between two CYSTEINE residues. These receptors typically contain five subunits with the cysteine-loop occurring near an N-terminal extracellular domain.

Year introduced: 2011

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-CYSTEINE to 3-sulfinoalanine (3-sulfino-L-alanine) in the CYSTEINE metabolism and TAURINE and hypotaurine metabolic pathways.

Year introduced: 2006(1980)

One of the enzymes active in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. It catalyzes the synthesis of gamma-glutamylcysteine from glutamate and cysteine in the presence of ATP with the formation of ADP and orthophosphate. EC 6.3.2.2.

Year introduced: 1998(1977)

An enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of cysteine in microorganisms and plants from O-acetyl-L-serine and hydrogen sulfide. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.2.99.8.

Year introduced: 1991(1977)

ENDOPEPTIDASES which have a cysteine involved in the catalytic process. This group of enzymes is inactivated by CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITORS such as CYSTATINS and SULFHYDRYL REAGENTS.

Year introduced: 2000(1988)

A subclass of peptide hydrolases that depend on a CYSTEINE residue for their activity.

Year introduced: 2010, 1988-1999

Exogenous and endogenous compounds which inhibit CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASES.

Year introduced: 1990

Cysteine endoproteinases, from periodontal pathogen PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS, acting as virulence factors associated with PERIODONTITIS. They are produced as pre-proproteins which mature into ARGININE and LYSINE specific endopeptidases.

Year introduced: 2020

A CCN protein family member that regulates a variety of extracellular functions including CELL ADHESION; CELL MIGRATION; and EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX synthesis. It may play an important role in the development of branched CAPILLARIES during EMBRYOGENESIS.

Year introduced: 2009

A zinc-binding domain defined by the sequence Cysteine-X2-Cysteine-X(9-39)-Cysteine-X(l-3)-His-X(2-3)-Cysteine-X2-Cysteine -X(4-48)-Cysteine-X2-Cysteine, where X is any amino acid. The RING finger motif binds two atoms of zinc, with each zinc atom ligated tetrahedrally by either four cysteines or three cysteines and a histidine. The motif also forms into a unitary structure with a central cross-brace region and is found in many proteins that are involved in protein-protein interactions. The acronym RING stands for Really Interesting New Gene.

Year introduced: 2008

a cysteine-rich component of synaptic vesicle membranes; also associated with insulin secretory granules; regulates beta-cell exocytosis; RefSeq NM_024161 (rat); NM_025219 (human)

Date introduced: August 17, 1994

A multifunctional pyridoxal phosphate enzyme. In the final step in the biosynthesis of cysteine it catalyzes the cleavage of cystathionine to yield cysteine, ammonia, and 2-ketobutyrate. EC 4.4.1.1.

Year introduced: 1991(1975)

an essential regulator of myogenesis, promotes myogenic differentiation; do not confuse with Crip3, also known as cardiac LIM protein; do not also confuse with M-LP protein, a kidney disease mutant-like protein; RefSeq NM_057144 (Csrp3, rat); NM_013808 (Csrp3, mouse); NM_003476 (CSRP3, human)

Date introduced: November 23, 1994

cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase II is an aspect of glutamate decarboxylase

Date introduced: January 1, 1973

inhibits protein synthesis in mammalian cells; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure

Date introduced: January 1, 1972

An enzyme that transfers methyl groups from O(6)-methylguanine, and other methylated moieties of DNA, to a cysteine residue in itself, thus repairing alkylated DNA in a single-step reaction. EC 2.1.1.63.

Year introduced: 1998

A transfer RNA which is specific for carrying cysteine to sites on the ribosomes in preparation for protein synthesis.

Year introduced: 1991(1988)

C-DES - Cysteine DESulfhydrase; a pyridoxal phosphate- containing enzyme from Synechocystis involved information of Fe-S cluster of ferredoxin; catalyzes the breakdown of L-cysteine to yield sulfide, pyruvate & ammonia; increased activity with cystine, yielding cysteine persulfide as the primary product; MW about 43 kDa

Date introduced: May 7, 1997

has been sequenced; homologous to human cysteine-rich protein; binds to zyxin

Date introduced: June 28, 1993