MeSH

Semisynthetic conjugates of various toxic molecules, including RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES and bacterial or plant toxins, with specific immune substances such as IMMUNOGLOBULINS; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES; and ANTIGENS. The antitumor or antiviral immune substance carries the toxin to the tumor or infected cell where the toxin exerts its poisonous effect.

Year introduced: 1990

Antibodies, often monoclonal, in which the two antigen-binding sites are specific for separate ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS. They are artificial antibodies produced by chemical crosslinking, fusion of HYBRIDOMA cells, or by molecular genetic techniques. They function as the main mediators of targeted cellular cytotoxicity and have been shown to be efficient in the targeting of drugs, toxins, radiolabeled haptens, and effector cells to diseased tissue, primarily tumors.

Year introduced: 1994

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

Year introduced: 1990(1987)

Combinations of diagnostic or therapeutic substances linked with specific immune substances such as IMMUNOGLOBULINS; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES; or ANTIGENS. Often the diagnostic or therapeutic substance is a radionuclide. These conjugates are useful tools for specific targeting of DRUGS and RADIOISOTOPES in the CHEMOTHERAPY and RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY of certain cancers.

Year introduced: 1995

Radiotherapy where cytotoxic radionuclides are linked to antibodies in order to deliver toxins directly to tumor targets. Therapy with targeted radiation rather than antibody-targeted toxins (IMMUNOTOXINS) has the advantage that adjacent tumor cells, which lack the appropriate antigenic determinants, can be destroyed by radiation cross-fire. Radioimmunotherapy is sometimes called targeted radiotherapy, but this latter term can also refer to radionuclides linked to non-immune molecules (see RADIOTHERAPY).

Year introduced: 1992

a type II ribosome-inactivating protein isolated from dwarf elder; 26 kDal A part and 30 kDa B part; homologous with briodin; used to make ribosome-inactivating immunotoxins

Date introduced: July 23, 2006

from bulbs of Muscari armeniacum L. and Miller; the recombinant protein (rMU1) was synthesised as a polypeptide of 295 amino acids, good candidate for the preparation of immunotoxins for targeted therapy and for the construction of transgenic plants expressing it as antipathogenic agent

Date introduced: December 17, 2004

recombinant antimesothelin immunotoxins against human gynecologic cancers grown in organotypic culture in vitro

Date introduced: June 9, 2003

An NAD-dependent ADP-ribosyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of the ADP ribosyl moiety of oxidized NAD onto elongation factor 2 (EF-2) thus arresting protein synthesis. Commonly used as the toxin in immunotoxins.

Year introduced: 2024 (2022)

Type 1 ribosome-inactivating proteins derived from SAPONARIA OFFICINALIS that function through endohydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond at single ADENOSINE residues of 28S RIBOSOMAL RNA. They are used as IMMUNOTOXINS.

Year introduced: 2019 (1985)

enhances cytotoxicity of dianthin-related immunotoxins; isolated from Saponaria officinalis; structure in first source

Date introduced: December 17, 2015