MeSH

The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.

Year introduced: 2004

involved in polymerization of cinnamyl alcohols into lignin;amino acid sequence has been determined for tobacco enzyme

Date introduced: October 17, 1996

chlorinated product of lignin that has a MW greater than 1000; major biproduct of bleaching wood pulp with chlorine

Date introduced: September 16, 1992

Date introduced: September 16, 1992

requires H2O2; fungal enzyme degrades the lignin model cpd 1-(3',4'-diethoxyphenyl)-1,3-dihydroxy-(4-''-methoxyphenyl)propane (diarylpropropane); also catalyzes the oxidation of veratryl alcohol to veratryl aldehyde in the presence of H2O2

Date introduced: December 3, 1984

involved in determining lignin content of cell walls

Date introduced: July 31, 2016

involved in determining lignin content of cell walls

Date introduced: July 31, 2016

An order of EUKARYOTES found in the gut of termites and other insects that live on LIGNIN. MITOCHONDRIA and GOLGI APPARATUS are absent from oxymonads.

Year introduced: 2010

Plant tissue that carries water up the root and stem. Xylem cell walls derive most of their strength from LIGNIN. The vessels are similar to PHLOEM sieve tubes but lack companion cells and do not have perforated sides and pores.

Year introduced: 2007

A genus of fungi in the family Corticiaceae, order Stereales, that degrades lignin. The white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium is a frequently used species in research.

Year introduced: 1999

An order of fungi in the phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA having macroscopic basidiocarps. The members are characterized by their saprophytic activities as decomposers, particularly in the degradation of CELLULOSE and LIGNIN. A large number of species in the order have been used medicinally. (From Alexopoulos, Introductory Mycology, 4th ed, pp504-68)

Year introduced: 2005 (1999)

A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton and Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Year introduced: 1994

used to control pollution from surface runoff

Date introduced: January 11, 2009

a neuroprotective agent derived from bamboo lignin

Date introduced: December 20, 2006

antineoplastic lignin that inhibits lipoxygenases

Date introduced: May 3, 2006

a 270 kDa homotetramer localized preferentially in the hyphal periplasmic space of lignocellulolytic fungi and has a proposed role in lignocellulose degradation to produce the essential co-substrate, hydrogen peroxide, for lignin peroxidases

Date introduced: September 14, 2004

a hexadecenylitaconate produced by a lignin-degrading fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora; structure in first source

Date introduced: August 30, 2004

water-soluble plant cytochrome P450, CYP73A1 from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus); catalyzes cinnamic acid hydroxylation, a reaction essential for the synthesis of lignin monomers and most phenolic compounds in higher plants; GenBank Z17369

Date introduced: March 22, 2004

a specific condensed lignin substructure in differentiating cell walls of Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) H. Karsten) and silver birch ( Betula pendula Roth) xylem; structure in first source

Date introduced: March 17, 2004