Fig. 5

Distribution of selection pressures on cotton genes in different biological pathways. Genes conserved in primary sequence and expressed across all examined cotton species were categorized into distinct biological pathways using KEGG annotation. The selection pressure (w) for these genes was determined using Bayes’ theorem and a TPM matrix depicting their expression in seedling leaves of different species. Each curve represents the distribution of w for genes within a specific KEGG pathway, while the dashed line denotes the overall distribution of w for all conserved genes