Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) sustains macrophage
 proinflammatory function by inhibiting p53: Regulatory role in the
 innate immune response

Robert A. Mitchell; Hong Liao; Jason Chesney; Gunter Fingerle-Rowson; John Baugh; John David; Richard Bucala

doi:10.1073/pnas.012511599

Table 1

MIF is required for production of proinflammatory mediators

LPS stimulated	MIF^+/+	MIF^−/−
TNF-α, pg/ml	250 ± 7	130 ± 7^*
IL-1β, pg/ml	760 ± 90	370 ± 40^*
PGE₂, pg/ml	5,800 ± 400	400 ± 25^*
NO, ng/ml	44 ± 4	42 ± 5

MIF^+/+ and MIF^−/− mice were injected i.p. with either vehicle or LPS. Peritoneal macrophages were cultured ex vivo for an additional 24 h, at which time supernatants were collected for determination of TNF-α, IL-1β, and PGE₂ concentrations by ELISA. Nitric oxide was measured by Griess's assay as described (15). Results shown are from two mice per group and represent the mean ± SD of triplicate samples from each.

^*, P < 0.01 by Student's t test.